At least one magnetic medium is loaded into a cavity of a build piece. The build piece is created by an additive manufacturing process. The magnetic medium is magnetically moved in the cavity.

A magnetic polishing machine includes a container which accommodates a polishing target and a plurality of polishing pieces, a plurality of rotation plates which are rotatably disposed below the container while a magnet is attached to the rotation plate, and a first rotation mechanism which rotates each rotation plate about a rotation axis of the rotation plate. The adjacent rotation plates are disposed at a position in which rotation areas thereof partially overlap each other.

A magnetic-field-guidance system and methods of finishing a workpiece using a magnetic-field-guidance system are provided. The magnetic-field-guidance system comprises a workpiece holder, one or more tooling magnets each comprising a finishing tip, and one or more flexible bags containing magnetic media. The workpiece holder is configured to (a) be secured to a base and (b) secure a workpiece relative to the base. The flexible bag(s) are configured to be disposed on the opposite side and/or same side of the workpiece relative to the one or more tooling magnets. In collaboration with the tooling magnets, the magnetic media contained with the flexible bag(s) direct a magnetic field which thereby guides a magnetic-abrasive slurry to finish the workpiece using Magnetic Abrasive Finishing (MAF).

This disclosure describes systems, methods, and devices related to enhanced plate polishing. A device may place a liquid between a plate and a wafer. The device may utilize a controller to vary a current flowing through an array of coils. The device may apply pressure on the plate to press against the liquid and the wafer.

A system for magnetic abrasive finishing of a workpiece may include a magnetic abrasive brush that may include a plurality of magnetic/abrasive particles and an electromagnet configured to apply a magnetic field on the plurality of magnetic abrasive particles. The system may further include a first actuating mechanism that may be configured to actuate a rotational movement of the workpiece about a longitudinal axis of the workpiece, a second actuating mechanism that may be configured to actuate a linear movement of the magnetic abrasive brush along a first direction relative to the workpiece, the first direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece, a sensor coupled to the magnetic abrasive brush that may be configured to measure a working gap between the magnetic abrasive brush and an outer surface of the workpiece at any given instant. The working gap may be a distance between a center of the magnetic field and the outer surface of the workpiece along a first axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece. The system may further include a control unit that may be coupled to the magnetic abrasive brush and may be configured to adjust a magnetic flux density of the magnetic field based on the measured working gap at any given instant.

A chemical mechanical polishing apparatus includes a polishing platen that includes an electromagnet and is rotatable; a lower polishing pad that is positioned on the polishing platen, the lower polishing pad including a first area and a second area, the first area including a first magnetic material and the second area including a non-magnetic material, wherein the first area overlaps the electromagnet; an upper polishing pad that is positioned on the lower polishing pad, includes a second magnetic material, and overlaps the first area; and a polishing head configured to provide a wafer on the upper polishing pad and is rotatable.

A controllable magnetic field-assisted finishing apparatus for an inner surface and a finishing method are provided. The apparatus includes a housing, ball screw mechanisms, a workpiece, a centering clamp, a connecting plate, a magnetic field generating device, a chuck clamp, a precise displacement platform and a base. The magnetic field generating device includes electromagnetic coils, coil connecting plates, a magnetic yoke, nuts, springs and bolts. The magnetic field generating device dynamically adjusts a distance from the magnetic yoke to the outer surface of the workpiece through the springs. The movement tracks of the magnetic finishing medium are controlled by the formed rotation of the magnetic field, the finishing action force dynamic-adjustment, the optimization of the machining form of the magnetic finishing medium in collaboration with the rotation of the chuck clamp and the feed movement of the precise displacement platform.

Provided are a polishing composition, in which oxidation of magnetic particles hardly occurs, and a magnetic polishing method. The polishing composition (1) contains magnetic particles, an antioxidant for suppressing oxidation of the magnetic particles, and water. A magnetic field is applied to the polishing composition (1) to form a magnetic cluster (3) that contains the magnetic particles, and the magnetic cluster (3) is brought into contact with an object (5) to be polished, to polish the object (5) to be polished.

A cylinder sleeve for an internal combustion engine may include a bore-through cylindrical body having an inner sliding surface. The inner surface may have a surface finish with a rugosity defined by a valley-and-peak structure. The rugosity of the inner surface may have a ratio between a peak density and a mean radius of curvature of peaks that is higher than 150 and lower than 400. The rugosity may also have a ratio between the mean radius of curvature of peaks and an average height of peaks that is lower than 1500.

The invention relates to a vehicle body wash system comprising: a spray device for spraying a wash fluid on the body, the wash fluid comprising magnetic applicators; and a magnetic field generator, able to set the magnetic applicators in motion such that they rub the body.