The present disclosure relates to a tool for sanding and buffing an irregularly shaped surface that includes a head having a rounded surface, a first abrasive material adapted for sanding or buffing, the first abrasive material attached to the rounded surface via an adhesive substance or other attaching means and at least partially covering the rounded surface, and a handle attached to the head. The tool may further include a second abrasive material attached to the rounded surface via the adhesive substance or other attaching means that at least partially covers a portion of the rounded surface not covered by the first abrasive material. If the first and second abrasive materials have varying properties such as their coarseness, the user may find each material to be especially efficient for use in separate sanding, buffing, or polishing processes.

There is disclosed a polishing cleaning mechanism configured to be in contact with a rear surface of a substrate which is held in a substrate holding unit for holding the rear surface of the substrate and perform a polishing process and a cleaning process on the rear surface of the substrate, including a cleaning member configured to clean the rear surface of the substrate, a polishing member configured to polish the rear surface of the substrate, and a support member configured to support the polishing member and the cleaning member to face the rear surface of the substrate held in the substrate holding unit, wherein a surface of the polishing member facing the substrate and a surface of the cleaning member facing the substrate differ in relative height from each other.

There is disclosed a polishing cleaning mechanism configured to be in contact with a rear surface of a substrate which is held in a substrate holding unit for holding the rear surface of the substrate and perform a polishing process and a cleaning process on the rear surface of the substrate, including a cleaning member configured to clean the rear surface of the substrate, a polishing member configured to polish the rear surface of the substrate, and a support member configured to support the polishing member and the cleaning member to face the rear surface of the substrate held in the substrate holding unit, wherein a surface of the polishing member facing the substrate and a surface of the cleaning member facing the substrate differ in relative height from each other.

A grinding wheel for grinding a workpiece has an annular wheel base and a plurality of grinding stones arrayed in an annular pattern on a side of one surface of the wheel base. The grinding stones each have a base portion having a mounting surface where the base portion is mounted on the wheel base, and a wear-accelerated portion that has a grinding surface to be brought into contact with the workpiece and is more prone to wearing than the base portion.

A grinding wheel for grinding a workpiece has an annular wheel base and a plurality of grinding stones arrayed in an annular pattern on a side of one surface of the wheel base. The grinding stones each have a base portion having a mounting surface where the base portion is mounted on the wheel base, and a wear-accelerated portion that has a grinding surface to be brought into contact with the workpiece and is more prone to wearing than the base portion.

Through the following steps (a) and (b), the side surface of a grinding object is ground to manufacture a ground product having a smaller diameter than that of the grinding object. In the step (a), a cup type grinding stone is disposed such that the central axis is parallel offset from a state where the central axis is orthogonal to the central axis of the grinding object. In the step (b), the cup type grinding stone is axially rotated so that the cup type grinding stone grinds the side surface of the grinding object while the grinding object is axially rotated and moved in the axial direction. Thereby, the outer peripheral surface of the grinding object is finish-ground by the bottom grinding stone portion of the cup type grinding stone while the grinding object is rough-ground by the side grinding stone portion to obtain a ground product.

Through the following steps (a) and (b), the side surface of a grinding object is ground to manufacture a ground product having a smaller diameter than that of the grinding object. In the step (a), a cup type grinding stone is disposed such that the central axis is parallel offset from a state where the central axis is orthogonal to the central axis of the grinding object. In the step (b), the cup type grinding stone is axially rotated so that the cup type grinding stone grinds the side surface of the grinding object while the grinding object is axially rotated and moved in the axial direction. Thereby, the outer peripheral surface of the grinding object is finish-ground by the bottom grinding stone portion of the cup type grinding stone while the grinding object is rough-ground by the side grinding stone portion to obtain a ground product.

Structured abrasive articles include a backing and shaped abrasive composites secured to the backing. The shaped abrasive composites include abrasive grits dispersed in a binder matrix. The shaped abrasive composites include a bottom surface and a top surface opposite and not contacting the bottom surface, and at least three sidewalls abutting both the bottom and top surfaces and two other sidewalls. In one embodiment, at least two cusps are formed by the top surface and individual sidewalls. In another embodiment, the top surface includes at least two triangular facets that contact at least two respective sidewalls and at least two cusps. The top surface includes at least one interior recessed portion nearer the cusps than the bottom surface. Methods of abrading a workpiece using the structured abrasive article are also disclosed.

Structured abrasive articles include a backing and shaped abrasive composites secured to the backing. The shaped abrasive composites include abrasive grits dispersed in a binder matrix. The shaped abrasive composites include a bottom surface and a top surface opposite and not contacting the bottom surface, and at least three sidewalls abutting both the bottom and top surfaces and two other sidewalls. In one embodiment, at least two cusps are formed by the top surface and individual sidewalls. In another embodiment, the top surface includes at least two triangular facets that contact at least two respective sidewalls and at least two cusps. The top surface includes at least one interior recessed portion nearer the cusps than the bottom surface. Methods of abrading a workpiece using the structured abrasive article are also disclosed.

A grinding machine for finishing turned surfaces of a rotor disc for a gas turbine engine, including a retaining mechanism for retaining the rotor disc and rotatable about a rotational axis corresponding to a central axis of the rotor disc, a spindle engaged to a grinding wheel and rotatable about a rotational axis corresponding to a central axis of the grinding wheel, the grinding wheel having an outer super abrasive surface, a translating mechanism engaged to at least one of the retaining mechanism and the spindle and actuable to provide a relative translational motion between the retaining mechanism and the spindle along three perpendicular axes, and a pivoting mechanism engaged to one of the retaining mechanism and the spindle and actuable to provide a pivoting motion of the rotational axis of one of the retaining mechanism and the spindle around a pivot axis perpendicular thereto.