The present disclosure is directed to a kit of parts comprising: in one part a) a water-borne stain; and, in another part b) a water-immiscible organic solvent-borne stain, wherein said water-borne stain is essentially free of resin and further contains at least one water-miscible organic solvent. The present disclosure is further directed to a method of coloring a wooden substrate comprising the steps of: a) applying a water-borne stain to a surface of the wooden substrate, wherein the water-borne stain is essentially free of resin and comprises at least one water-miscible organic solvent; and thereafter b) applying a water-immiscible organic solvent-borne stain to said surface.

A durable palm fiber composite material is obtained by impregnating an unprocessed palm bark in a resin adhesive solution prepared by using a palm leaf as a raw material and then hot-pressing. The palm bark is dried under a natural state without additional processing. The palm leaf is made into a tannin resin adhesive solution under the effect of additives such as furfuryl alcohol, paraformaldehyde, and others. A pH value of the adhesive solution is controlled to be 9-11. A solid content is 40-60%. An adhesive amount applied to the palm bark by the resin adhesive solution is 800-1500 g/m.sup.2. Odd number of layers (three or more layers) of palm barks that are impregnated by the resin adhesive solution and are hot-pressed to the composite material. Hot-pressed parameters are as follows: the temperature is 150-180° C. the unit pressure is 0.8-1.5 MPa, and the time is 10-30 s/mm.

An aqueous dispersion of octylisothiazolinone has been found to be useful for delivering OIT to wood for protecting the wood from fungal discoloration. The OIT dispersion can be applied to the wood to develop a protective barrier of preservative relatively at or near the exterior surface of the woodpiece.

The present invention relates to a method for continuous acetylation of wood elements. The acetylation is conducted with an acetylation medium at a pressure of at least 1.5 barg in a substantially oxygen free environment. Alternatively, the method according to the invention comprises the steps of: (a) feeding wood elements in a substantially oxygen free environment to a continuous acetylation reactor, and (b) treating the wood elements with an acetylation medium in the continuous acetylation reactor under wood acetylation reaction conditions, at a pressure of at least 1.5 barg. The process according to the present invention allows to acetylate wood elements to a high acetyl content in a very efficient way, without compromising on the quality of the material. The acetylated wood elements can be used in the production of medium density fibreboards with superior qualities such as dimensional stability and durability.

A wood treatment method for reducing fungal growth utilizes a treatment solution comprising an aldehyde, a carrier solvent, an organic co-solvent, at least one surfactant, and at least one acid, base, or salt. In embodiments, the carrier solvent may comprise water and the organic co-solvent may comprise an alcohol or acetone. The aldehyde is impregnated into the wood, where it reacts with thiamine and other amino acids to promote cross-linking, reducing the porosity of the wood and thereby reducing the ability of various microbes and fungi to access the interior of the wood as a nutrient source.

A synergistic aqueous wood preservative composition comprising a copper compound and penflufen. The copper compounds of the compositions of the invention may be soluble, partially solubilized or micronized particles. The penflufen of the compositions of the invention may be solubilized, emulsified or particulate. The wood preservative compositions of the present invention are surprisingly provided as stable dispersions and confer surprising and unexpected resistance to treated wood and wood products.

A reactor system for the modification of lignocellulosic materials comprises a reaction vessel, a vacuum connection and an inlet and/or outlet connected to a gas flow loop connected to a heat exchanger and at least one fluid circulation device. Particularly, gas flow loop is arranged so as to allow gas circulation over the diameter of the reaction vessel. The gas flow loop preferably includes a gas distribution device, such as a distribution plate.

A reactor system for the modification of lignocellulosic materials comprises a reaction vessel, a vacuum connection and an inlet and/or outlet connected to a gas flow loop connected to a heat exchanger and at least one fluid circulation device. Particularly, gas flow loop is arranged so as to allow gas circulation over the diameter of the reaction vessel. The gas flow loop preferably includes a gas distribution device, such as a distribution plate.

A method for preparing a treated cellulosic material comprising: providing a cellulosic material; a first treatment protocol comprising impregnating the cellulosic material with an aqueous solution comprising a polymer, the polymer comprising a water-soluble polyetheramine; and a second treatment protocol comprising impregnating the cellulosic material with a modifying agent, the modifying agent comprising an aqueous dispersion comprising an epoxy-containing resin.

A treated cellulosic material comprising a cellulosic material having a porous structure defining a plurality of pores, the cellulosic material comprising wood including wood or wood composite materials, at least a portion of the pores containing the reaction product of one or more of the following: a water soluble polyol, an epoxy-containing resin, a catalyst or curing agent, and the cellulosic material. A method for preparing a treated cellulosic material comprising providing a cellulosic material; a first treatment protocol comprising impregnating the cellulosic material with a water-soluble polyol; and a second treatment protocol comprising impregnating the cellulosic material with an epoxy-containing resin.