A method of creating a wood-based false stone for producing unique decorative cutouts and jewelry includes collecting a plurality of stems from a plant, cutting each of the plurality of stems to a uniform length, and debarking each of the plurality of stems. The debarked plurality of stems is then dyed, dried completely, and saturated with a resin. The saturated plurality of stems is placed in a mold and compressed. The compressed plurality of stems is removed from the mold and cut into a plurality of slices, each of which is in turn shaped into a plurality of cutouts.

A seed-oil based reactive diluent is synthesized via a two-step process wherein in the first step, unsaturated seed oils such as soybean oil first react with mono-hydroxy functional amines to form an intermediate mixture composed of mono-hydroxy functional seed oil based derivatives and in the second step, a core molecule having multiple hydroxyl-reactive groups reacts with the intermediate mixture prepared from the first step and a polyol cross-linker to form a reactive diluent with a star-branched shape.

A seed-oil based reactive diluent is synthesized via a two-step process wherein in the first step, unsaturated seed oils such as soybean oil first react with mono-hydroxy functional amines to form an intermediate mixture composed of mono-hydroxy functional seed oil based derivatives and in the second step, a core molecule having multiple hydroxyl-reactive groups reacts with the intermediate mixture prepared from the first step and a polyol cross-linker to form a reactive diluent with a star-branched shape.

The disclosure provides for artificially produced spalted wood products and devices, systems, compositions, and methods for production. A spalt inoculum mixture that includes a fungal component is developed and incubated with a hardwood substrate under controlled conditions to generate naturally modified produced spalted wood from the hardwood substrate. The devices, systems, and methods increase the reliability and reproducibility of spalted wood production on a commercial scale.

The disclosure provides for artificially produced spalted wood products and devices, systems, compositions, and methods for production. A spalt inoculum mixture that includes a fungal component is developed and incubated with a hardwood substrate under controlled conditions to generate naturally modified produced spalted wood from the hardwood substrate. The devices, systems, and methods increase the reliability and reproducibility of spalted wood production on a commercial scale.

An aqueous based coating composition comprising a fatty amine quaternary having the structure of formula (I): R.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3R.sup.4N.sup.+X.sup. wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 are independently selected from saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aralkyl, or alkenyl groups comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, whereby at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 is a C12-C30 group, and X.sup. is an anion from an inorganic or organic acid, is provided. The fatty amine quaternary may contain ethoxy and/or propoxy groups. One or more of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 may be substituted and contain one or more hydroxyl substituents or ether linkages. Methods for imparting water resistance to a wood substrate having up to 100% moisture by applying a coating composition having the fatty amine quaternary of formula (I), and for preparing an aqueous coating composition comprising the fatty amine quaternary of formula (I) are provided. Also provided is a coated water resistant wood substrate comprising the fatty amine quaternary of formula (I).

An aqueous based coating composition comprising a fatty amine quaternary having the structure of formula (I): R.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3R.sup.4N.sup.+X.sup. wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 are independently selected from saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aralkyl, or alkenyl groups comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, whereby at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 is a C12-C30 group, and X.sup. is an anion from an inorganic or organic acid, is provided. The fatty amine quaternary may contain ethoxy and/or propoxy groups. One or more of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 may be substituted and contain one or more hydroxyl substituents or ether linkages. Methods for imparting water resistance to a wood substrate having up to 100% moisture by applying a coating composition having the fatty amine quaternary of formula (I), and for preparing an aqueous coating composition comprising the fatty amine quaternary of formula (I) are provided. Also provided is a coated water resistant wood substrate comprising the fatty amine quaternary of formula (I).

A surface staining composition; the surface staining composition includes a mixture with a suitably blended ratio of 10 parts acrylic lacquer to 1 part stain base. The stain base further includes at least one pigment additive for color matching a surface-color. The present invention is suitably desired for finishing new and different wood species to match existing and/or difficult wood staining projects. A method for shading a finish coat to a semi-transparent color is also disclosed herein.

A surface staining composition; the surface staining composition includes a mixture with a suitably blended ratio of 10 parts acrylic lacquer to 1 part stain base. The stain base further includes at least one pigment additive for color matching a surface-color. The present invention is suitably desired for finishing new and different wood species to match existing and/or difficult wood staining projects. A method for shading a finish coat to a semi-transparent color is also disclosed herein.

Techniques and products are described for coloring acetylated wood products. An acetylated wood product can be impregnated by a coloring medium within a chamber and the colorant or colorants contained within the coloring medium can be fixed to the acetylated wood product by the application of heat or by application of radio frequency radiation to color any external surface or interior region of the acetylated wood product which has been impregnated by the coloring medium.