A cleaning liquid for excessive powder removal is provided. The cleaning liquid includes a hydrocarbon solvent having an octanol/water partition coefficient (log P.sub.ow value) of 4.5 or more. The cleaning liquid is to remove excessive powder for molding adhering to a solidified object molded using the powder for molding.

A molding material in a powder-fixing lamination method includes an aggregate and a powdery precursor of a binder that binds the aggregate mutually. The aggregate is a casting sand, and the powdery precursor contains a hardening component and a hardening accelerating component. A molded product is manufactured using the molding material.

A sensor element (12) has a cross-sectional area that continuously only increases from a positive (+) electrode side toward a negative (−) electrode side, thereby leading a hot spot, which attempts to move to the negative electrode side, to a lower resistance side. A position that is at nearly equal distances from paired electrodes (13 and 15) formed on either end of the sensor element (12) is set as a hot spot generating position, so as to avoid damage to the electrodes due to heat emitted by the hot spot.

A sensor element (12) has a cross-sectional area that continuously only increases from a positive (+) electrode side toward a negative (−) electrode side, thereby leading a hot spot, which attempts to move to the negative electrode side, to a lower resistance side. A position that is at nearly equal distances from paired electrodes (13 and 15) formed on either end of the sensor element (12) is set as a hot spot generating position, so as to avoid damage to the electrodes due to heat emitted by the hot spot.

A system and method for providing a non-corrosive surface. In some embodiments, the system includes a concrete surface, a metal substrate coupled to the concrete surface, and a non-corrosive coating applied to the metal substrate. The non-corrosive coating includes a chemically inert polymer comprising EPDM rubber and an additive.

A system and method for providing a non-corrosive surface. In some embodiments, the system includes a concrete surface, a metal substrate coupled to the concrete surface, and a non-corrosive coating applied to the metal substrate. The non-corrosive coating includes a chemically inert polymer comprising EPDM rubber and an additive.

An apparatus for viewing in a structure having a first participant and at least a second participant having a first VR headset to be worn by the first participant, and a second VR headset to be worn by the second participant. Each participant sees every other participant in the structure as every other participant physically appears in the structure in real time in a simulated world displayed about them by the respective VR headset each participant is wearing. Each participant sees the simulated world from their own correct perspective in the structure. The simulated world includes a near field and a far field. A method for a first participant and at least a second participant viewing in a structure.

A fibrous texture includes a stack of at least first, second, third and fourth unidirectional plies. The first, second, third and fourth plies each respectively include a first plurality of rovings aligned in a first direction, a second plurality of rovings aligned in a second direction different from the first direction, a third plurality of rovings aligned in a third direction different from the second direction and a fourth plurality of rovings aligned in a fourth direction different from the third direction. The rovings of the first plurality of rovings being spaced apart from each other by a given distance in a direction perpendicular to the first direction. The rovings of the second plurality of rovings are spaced apart from each other by a given distance in a direction perpendicular to the second direction.

A fibrous texture includes a stack of at least first, second, third and fourth unidirectional plies. The first, second, third and fourth plies each respectively include a first plurality of rovings aligned in a first direction, a second plurality of rovings aligned in a second direction different from the first direction, a third plurality of rovings aligned in a third direction different from the second direction and a fourth plurality of rovings aligned in a fourth direction different from the third direction. The rovings of the first plurality of rovings being spaced apart from each other by a given distance in a direction perpendicular to the first direction. The rovings of the second plurality of rovings are spaced apart from each other by a given distance in a direction perpendicular to the second direction.

Electrolyte for a solid-state battery includes a body having grains of inorganic material sintered to one another, where the grains include lithium. The body is thin, has little porosity by volume, and has high ionic conductivity.