Disclosed are a vibrating diaphragm for a sound generating device, a method for preparing the vibrating diaphragm, and a sound generating device. The vibrating diaphragm comprises at least one modified thermoplastic polyester elastomer layer, wherein a modifier is involved which is at least one of a temperature: resistant resin, an inorganic filler and an anti-aging agent, and the modifier is added to a themoplastic polyester elastomer material. In an embodiment of the present invention, by adding the modifier to the themoplastic polyester elastomer material and sufficiently mixing the modifier when making a film layer, the aim of improving the temperature resistance of a moulded vibrating diaphragm is achieved.

A water-soluble film contains a polyvinyl alcohol resin (A), and has a complete dissolution time (T) and a curl area percentage (S), wherein a product (TS) of the complete dissolution time (T) and the curl area percentage (S) satisfies the following expression (1):
1000(Complete dissolution time (T))(Curl area percentage (S))7000(1)
The water-soluble film satisfies contradictory property requirements, i.e., satisfactory solubility and curl suppressing property, for example, even if being formed by using an acid-modified PVA resin.

A water-soluble film contains a polyvinyl alcohol resin (A), and has a complete dissolution time (T) and a curl area percentage (S), wherein a product (TS) of the complete dissolution time (T) and the curl area percentage (S) satisfies the following expression (1):
1000(Complete dissolution time (T))(Curl area percentage (S))7000(1)
The water-soluble film satisfies contradictory property requirements, i.e., satisfactory solubility and curl suppressing property, for example, even if being formed by using an acid-modified PVA resin.

Various embodiments disclosed relate to an article. The article includes a first layer defining a first major surface of the article. The first layer includes a plurality of protrusions extending outwardly from the first major surface. The protrusions comprise an elastic polymer component. The article further includes a second layer opposite the first layer, which at least partially defines a second major surface of the article. The first layer is disposed over a range of about 5% surface area of the second layer to about 99% surface area of the second layer. The first layer and the second layer are in direct contact.

Provided are: an optical Elm that has a good appearance, small in-plane retardation Re, and large thickness-direction retardation Rth; and a method for producing such an optical film. Also provided is a multilayer optical film that uses the optical film, that exhibits little change in retardation as a result of wavelength, and that has small retardation at low wavelengths. The optical film is obtained by sandwiching a melted resin between a first cooling roll comprising an elastic metal roll and a second cooling roll comprising a non-elastic metal roll and molding said melted resin. The optical film has a good appearance, the absolute value of the in-plane retardation Re thereof is 10 nm or less, and the thickness-direction retardation Rth thereof is 40 nm or more.

Provided are: an optical Elm that has a good appearance, small in-plane retardation Re, and large thickness-direction retardation Rth; and a method for producing such an optical film. Also provided is a multilayer optical film that uses the optical film, that exhibits little change in retardation as a result of wavelength, and that has small retardation at low wavelengths. The optical film is obtained by sandwiching a melted resin between a first cooling roll comprising an elastic metal roll and a second cooling roll comprising a non-elastic metal roll and molding said melted resin. The optical film has a good appearance, the absolute value of the in-plane retardation Re thereof is 10 nm or less, and the thickness-direction retardation Rth thereof is 40 nm or more.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a surgical anti-adhesion barrier film comprising the following steps: a) a first solution, comprising an oxidized collagen is prepared, b) a polyphosphate compound is added to the solution of a) in a quantity so as to obtain a concentration of polyphosphate ranging from 0.007 to 0.7%, by weight, with respect to the total weight of the solution, c) the pH of the solution obtained in b) is adjusted to about 9 by addition of a base or to about 5.1 by addition of an acid, d) a diluted solution is prepared by adding water to solution of c), e) a first layer of solution obtained in c) is casted on an inert support, f) before complete gelation of the layer obtained in d), a second layer, of diluted solution obtained in d) is applied on top of said first layer and let to gelify, g) the gelified first and second layers are dried to obtain a film. The invention further relates to a film obtainable by such a method and to a surgical implant comprising a prosthetic fabric and such a film.

A water-soluble film includes a polyvinyl alcohol resin (A) as a main component, wherein the ratio (X.sub.TD/X.sub.MD) of a degree of elongation (X.sub.TD) in the transverse direction (TD) of the water-soluble film to a degree of elongation (X.sub.MD) in the machine direction (MD) thereof when the water-soluble film is floated on the surface of water at 20 C. for 60 seconds is from 1.05 to 1.5. The water-soluble film exhibits reduced curling, exhibits reduced positional shift, and shows satisfactory sealability while forming a package.

A water-soluble film includes a polyvinyl alcohol resin (A) as a main component, wherein the ratio (X.sub.TD/X.sub.MD) of a degree of elongation (X.sub.TD) in the transverse direction (TD) of the water-soluble film to a degree of elongation (X.sub.MD) in the machine direction (MD) thereof when the water-soluble film is floated on the surface of water at 20 C. for 60 seconds is from 1.05 to 1.5. The water-soluble film exhibits reduced curling, exhibits reduced positional shift, and shows satisfactory sealability while forming a package.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a surgical anti-adhesion barrier film comprising the following steps: a) a first solution, comprising an oxidized collagen is prepared, b) a polyphosphate compound is added to the solution of a) in a quantity so as to obtain a concentration of polyphosphate ranging from 0.007 to 0.7 %, by weight, with respect to the total weight of the solution, c) the pH of the solution obtained in b) is adjusted to about 9 by addition of a base or to about 5.1 by addition of an acid, d) a diluted solution is prepared by adding water to solution of c), e) a first layer of solution obtained in c) is casted on an inert support, f) before complete gelation of the layer obtained in d), a second layer, of diluted solution obtained in d) is applied on top of said first layer and let to gelify, g) the gelified first and second layers are dried to obtain a film. The invention further relates to a film obtainable by such a method and to a surgical implant comprising a prosthetic fabric and such a film.