A flexible substrate material is provided. The substrate material can be used in photovoltaic cells or solar panels obtained from these, electricity generation charging stations or signal devices to be integrated into the human body, and the substrate material does not cause toxic effects for nature and human health. The substrate material is a composite material mainly consisting of natural materials.

The present invention is directed toward transparent films prepared from soluble aromatic copolyamides with glass transition temperatures greater than 300? C. The copolyamides, which contain pendant carboxylic groups are solution cast into films using N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP), or other polar solvents. The films are thermally cured at temperatures near the copolymer glass transition temperature. After curing, the polymer films display transmittances >80% from 400 to 750 nm, have coefficients of thermal expansion of less than 20 ppm, and are solvent resistant. The films are useful as flexible substrates for microelectronic devices.

The present invention is directed toward transparent films prepared from soluble aromatic copolyamides with glass transition temperatures greater than 300? C. The copolyamides, which contain pendant carboxylic groups are solution cast into films using N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP), or other polar solvents. The films are thermally cured at temperatures near the copolymer glass transition temperature. After curing, the polymer films display transmittances >80% from 400 to 750 nm, have coefficients of thermal expansion of less than 20 ppm, and are solvent resistant. The films are useful as flexible substrates for microelectronic devices.

A water-soluble film contains a polyvinyl alcohol resin (A), and has a complete dissolution time (T) and a curl area percentage (S), wherein a product (TS) of the complete dissolution time (T) and the curl area percentage (S) satisfies the following expression (1):

1000(Complete dissolution time (T))(Curl area percentage (S))7000(1)

The water-soluble film satisfies contradictory property requirements, i.e., satisfactory solubility and curl suppressing property, for example, even if being formed by using an acid-modified PVA resin.

A water-soluble film contains a polyvinyl alcohol resin (A), and has a complete dissolution time (T) and a curl area percentage (S), wherein a product (TS) of the complete dissolution time (T) and the curl area percentage (S) satisfies the following expression (1):

1000(Complete dissolution time (T))(Curl area percentage (S))7000(1)

The water-soluble film satisfies contradictory property requirements, i.e., satisfactory solubility and curl suppressing property, for example, even if being formed by using an acid-modified PVA resin.

A method of making patterned structured solid surfaces is disclosed that includes filling a structured template with backfill material to produce a structured transfer film, patternwise curing the backfill material to produce cured areas and uncured areas in the structured transfer film, and laminating the structured transfer film to a receptor substrate. The structured template is capable of being removed to form structured and unstructured backfill layers. The structured and unstructured backfill layers may then be blanket cured. The backfill layer can include at least two different materials, one of which can be an adhesion promotion layer. In some embodiments the backfill layer includes a silsesquioxane such as polyvinyl silsesquioxane. The structured transfer film is a stable intermediate that can be covered temporarily with a release liner for storage and handling.

A method of making patterned structured solid surfaces is disclosed that includes filling a structured template with backfill material to produce a structured transfer film, patternwise curing the backfill material to produce cured areas and uncured areas in the structured transfer film, and laminating the structured transfer film to a receptor substrate. The structured template is capable of being removed to form structured and unstructured backfill layers. The structured and unstructured backfill layers may then be blanket cured. The backfill layer can include at least two different materials, one of which can be an adhesion promotion layer. In some embodiments the backfill layer includes a silsesquioxane such as polyvinyl silsesquioxane. The structured transfer film is a stable intermediate that can be covered temporarily with a release liner for storage and handling.

The embodiments relate to a polyester film, which has a high tensile strength in the transverse direction and a low tensile strength in the longitudinal direction, while satisfying the condition of 0.5<A<6, A being calculated by Equation 1. A polyester film according to the embodiments can easily be cut in the transverse direction.

The present invention provides a process for producing a polymer film at high productivity: during a process for drying gripped portions of both edges of a gel film, a first heat treatment is performed by blowing hot air in the film width direction and a second heat treatment is performed by blowing hot air at gripped portions of both edges of the gel film in a direction parallel to the film running direction.

The present invention provides a process for producing a polymer film at high productivity: during a process for drying gripped portions of both edges of a gel film, a first heat treatment is performed by blowing hot air in the film width direction and a second heat treatment is performed by blowing hot air at gripped portions of both edges of the gel film in a direction parallel to the film running direction.