A method of forming a three-dimensional object 38 with a shape determined by model data defining a model 10 of the object, characterized by the steps of: a) splitting the model 10 into a high elevation/low resolution base part 18 and a low elevation/high resolution cover part 20; b) forming a base body 30 with a shape as determined by the base part 18 of the model; c) employing a 3D printing technique for printing a sheet-like cover body 34 with a shape as determined by the cover part 20 of the model; and d) matching the cover body 34 to the base body 30 by vacuum forming.

The embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a collimated light source, a manufacturing method thereof and a display device. The collimated light source includes a substrate, a film layer with a plurality of concave microstructures on the substrate, a reflective layer on the film layer, and a plurality of light-emitting parts corresponding to the concave microstructures one-to-one. Each of the light-emitting parts is located at a focal point of a corresponding concave microstructure. According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the light emitted from each light-emitting part is reflected by the reflective layer on the corresponding concave microstructure and then exits in parallel light from a side of the reflective layer facing away from the substrate.

A method for the production and filling of an application package for a liquid pharmaceutical product. A thermoforming film made of thermoplastics laminated together is heated in order to plasticize the thermoforming film at least in partial areas. The plasticized areas are thermoformed in a mold in order to form a chamber for the liquid pharmaceutical product and a tube-shaped application duct opening into this chamber, with the chamber and the application duct being enclosed by a non-thermoformed, essentially flat bonding area of the thermoforming film. The liquid pharmaceutical product is filled into the chamber, and the chamber and the application duct are sealed by covering the thermoformed and filled thermoforming film with an essentially flat covering film. The covering film is directly bonded to the bonding area of the thermoforming film by thermal ring sealing, enclosing the chamber and the application duct.

An appliance and methods are described that include embodiments of a mandibular advancement or positioning device which can use elastic bands to pull the jaw forward. The appliance has an upper plastic tray conforming to the patient's upper teeth and including 3D printed sets of retention hooks coupled to the upper plastic tray via being encased in plastic, one on the right and one on the left anterior buccal portion of an upper plastic base. The appliance also has a lower plastic tray conforming to the patient's lower teeth including mandibular dentition, and includes having a 3D printed bite pad which opens the bite vertically. The lower tray also has a set of 3D printed plastic retention hooks encased in plastic extending outwardly from the teeth, one on the right and one on the left of the posterior buccal portion of the lower plastic base. Elastic bands of different lengths and strengths are attached to both the top and bottom retention hooks on both sides of the trays to pull the mandible forward for treatment.

An appliance and methods are described that include embodiments of a mandibular advancement or positioning device which can use elastic bands to pull the jaw forward. The appliance has an upper plastic tray conforming to the patient's upper teeth and including 3D printed sets of retention hooks coupled to the upper plastic tray via being encased in plastic, one on the right and one on the left anterior buccal portion of an upper plastic base. The appliance also has a lower plastic tray conforming to the patient's lower teeth including mandibular dentition, and includes having a 3D printed bite pad which opens the bite vertically. The lower tray also has a set of 3D printed plastic retention hooks encased in plastic extending outwardly from the teeth, one on the right and one on the left of the posterior buccal portion of the lower plastic base. Elastic bands of different lengths and strengths are attached to both the top and bottom retention hooks on both sides of the trays to pull the mandible forward for treatment.

A vacuum forming method of forming a decorative film in close contact with a surface of an adherend in a forming space, by using a vacuum forming machine having the forming space seal-formed by a lower box and an upper box, includes: a pressure adjusting process of decompressing a lower division of the forming space sealed to have a lower pressure than an upper division of the forming space so as to produce a pressure difference between the divided forming spaces, thereby setting the pressure in the vicinity of the surface of the adherend lower pressure than that of the periphery thereof; a pressure releasing process of releasing the pressure difference after the forming process; and an extracting process of extracting a formed product. A lower end portion of the upper box is provided with a jig which suppresses lifting of the decorative film.

A vacuum forming method of forming a decorative film in close contact with a surface of an adherend in a forming space, by using a vacuum forming machine having the forming space seal-formed by a lower box and an upper box, includes: a pressure adjusting process of decompressing a lower division of the forming space sealed to have a lower pressure than an upper division of the forming space so as to produce a pressure difference between the divided forming spaces, thereby setting the pressure in the vicinity of the surface of the adherend lower pressure than that of the periphery thereof; a pressure releasing process of releasing the pressure difference after the forming process; and an extracting process of extracting a formed product. A lower end portion of the upper box is provided with a jig which suppresses lifting of the decorative film.

A method of forming a material using a supersonic fluidic oscillator in a superplastic forming process and a related system is provided. The method comprises applying pressurized gas at a baseline pressure to a surface of the material when the material is received within a cavity of a forming tool, and creating pressure fluctuations with a supersonic fluidic oscillator relative to the baseline pressure within the tool cavity. Each pressure fluctuation (i) deforms the material and (ii) subsequently allowing for a partial stress relief of the material during the forming process.

A structure includes a thermoplastic foam body having first and second major surfaces, and channels extending partially or fully through the foam body and terminating at one or both major surfaces. The surfaces of some or all of the channels are reinforced, providing the structure with increased compressive strength. The structure, which can include a skin on either or both of the major surfaces, is useful for forming aviation interior components, including aviation overhead containers, aviation interior wall panels, and aviation trays.

A structure includes a thermoplastic foam body having first and second major surfaces, and channels extending partially or fully through the foam body and terminating at one or both major surfaces. The surfaces of some or all of the channels are reinforced, providing the structure with increased compressive strength. The structure, which can include a skin on either or both of the major surfaces, is useful for forming aviation interior components, including aviation overhead containers, aviation interior wall panels, and aviation trays.