Provided are an ink set including a first ink including an ethylenic unsaturated compound and a photopolymerization initiator, the first ink not including a colorant or including a white colorant, and a second ink including an ethylenic unsaturated compound, a photopolymerization initiator, and a colorant, wherein the proportion of the amount of a monofunctional monomer to the total amount of the ethylenic unsaturated compound included in the first ink is 95.0% by mass or more, the proportion of the amount of a monofunctional monomer to the total amount of the ethylenic unsaturated compound included in the second ink is 95.0% by mass or more, and, when the static surface tension of the first ink at 25 C. is defined as T1 and the static surface tension of the second ink at 25 C. is defined as T2, the value calculated by subtracting T1 from T2 is 1 mN/m or more, and applications of the ink set.

Thermoformed polyester resin closures for closing containers, the polyester resins including polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene furandicarboxylate (PEF), or a copolymer including PET and PEF, are provided herein. Methods of making the thermoformed closures are further provided. Methods of sterilizing the thermoformed closures are further provided.

An apparatus (1) for thermoforming dental aligners provides a support structure (10) on which a rotary table (11) is mounted on which a plurality of operating modules (20) are mounted at an equidistant angle, each comprising a moulding support (21) suitable to house a dental arch (I) and a mounting support (22) suitable to house a disc of thermoformable material (F). The rotation of the table (11) brings the operating modules (20) in succession, at a heating device (30) in which the disc (F) is heated and softened and then at a moulding device (40) in which the mounting support is lowered into a lowered position (PA) to realize a moulding chamber (41) in which by means of an overpressure the disc (F) goes to copy the shape of the dental arch (I) to realize an aligner. An operator can load all the operating modules (20) and start the apparatus (1) in an automatic cycle, which sequentially produces all the aligners without the apparatus needing to be manned by the operator.

An apparatus (1) for thermoforming dental aligners provides a support structure (10) on which a rotary table (11) is mounted on which a plurality of operating modules (20) are mounted at an equidistant angle, each comprising a moulding support (21) suitable to house a dental arch (I) and a mounting support (22) suitable to house a disc of thermoformable material (F). The rotation of the table (11) brings the operating modules (20) in succession, at a heating device (30) in which the disc (F) is heated and softened and then at a moulding device (40) in which the mounting support is lowered into a lowered position (PA) to realize a moulding chamber (41) in which by means of an overpressure the disc (F) goes to copy the shape of the dental arch (I) to realize an aligner. An operator can load all the operating modules (20) and start the apparatus (1) in an automatic cycle, which sequentially produces all the aligners without the apparatus needing to be manned by the operator.

Respiratory masks made of thermoformed EVA foam are provided. A mask can include a seal that contacts a user's face in use and a housing permanently joined to the seal. Both the seal and housing can be made of EVA foam. The seal and housing can be made of EVA foam having different densities. The mask can further include a frame removably or permanently coupled the housing. Headgear can be coupled to the frame and can couple the mask to the user's face in use.

Provided are a sheet material in which a skin material can be adhered to a base material. A sheet material 2 for forming a design surface of a product by being adhered to base materials 68a, 68b includes a sheet-like skin material 20, and a sheet-like stretchable material 25 laminated on a rear surface side of the skin material 20 and having higher stretchability than the skin material 20. The stretchable material 25 has a rectangular shape in plan view, and include grippable areas 27a, 27b, 27c, 27d on which the skin material 20 is not laminated and which are respectively provided in portions including four edge sides 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d facing each other in plan view. In the skin material 20, five linear cut portions 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e are formed in a non-design area 23 other than the design areas 22a, 22b.

Provided are a sheet material in which a skin material can be adhered to a base material. A sheet material 2 for forming a design surface of a product by being adhered to base materials 68a, 68b includes a sheet-like skin material 20, and a sheet-like stretchable material 25 laminated on a rear surface side of the skin material 20 and having higher stretchability than the skin material 20. The stretchable material 25 has a rectangular shape in plan view, and include grippable areas 27a, 27b, 27c, 27d on which the skin material 20 is not laminated and which are respectively provided in portions including four edge sides 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d facing each other in plan view. In the skin material 20, five linear cut portions 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e are formed in a non-design area 23 other than the design areas 22a, 22b.

Systems and methods for forming 3D plastic parts that are cost effective in low volume, have excellent fit and finish, and use many components from 2D construction are disclosed. The systems and methods involve selecting a design and modelling the design. The design comprises 2D and 3D components of plastic parts. A 3D forming buck corresponding to the 3D component is manufactured. At least one of a 2D part and the 3D forming buck may be heated. The 2D part may be loaded onto the 3D forming buck for a predefined period of time. The 3D part formed after the loading may be separated from the 3D forming buck. The 3D part is the 2D part generally having taken the shape of the 3D forming buck. The 3D part may be cooled to obtain an end product.

Systems and methods for forming 3D plastic parts that are cost effective in low volume, have excellent fit and finish, and use many components from 2D construction are disclosed. The systems and methods involve selecting a design and modelling the design. The design comprises 2D and 3D components of plastic parts. A 3D forming buck corresponding to the 3D component is manufactured. At least one of a 2D part and the 3D forming buck may be heated. The 2D part may be loaded onto the 3D forming buck for a predefined period of time. The 3D part formed after the loading may be separated from the 3D forming buck. The 3D part is the 2D part generally having taken the shape of the 3D forming buck. The 3D part may be cooled to obtain an end product.

A method of forming a monocoque paddle may include forming a first half shell via an first mold, forming a second half shell via a second mold, placing a bladder between the first half shell and the second half shell between the first mold and the second mold, and applying energy to the first half shell and the second half shell via the bladder, the first mold, and the second mold.