This invention relates to a container pre-cutting system, applicable to container forming machines (4) with laminar material (3) that provide intermittent advances to the laminar material with a length according to an advance step of the machine; said system being suitable for making a lower pre-cut (32) on the lower surface and an upper pre-cut (32) on the upper surface of the laminar material (3). The system comprises a lower pre-cutting device (1) by laser, with at least one laser head (15), and an upper pre-cutting device (2) by blade or by laser. The pre-cutting devices (1, 2) are separated in the advance direction of the laminar material (3) by a length equal to a multiple of the advance step of the machine.

Methods of forming a chip with fluidic channels include forming (e.g., milling) at least one nanofunnel with a wide end and a narrow end into a planar substrate, the nanofunnel having a length, with width and depth dimensions that both vary over its length and forming (e.g., milling) at least one nanochannel into the planar substrate at an interface adjacent the narrow end of the nanofunnel.

Methods of forming a chip with fluidic channels include forming (e.g., milling) at least one nanofunnel with a wide end and a narrow end into a planar substrate, the nanofunnel having a length, with width and depth dimensions that both vary over its length and forming (e.g., milling) at least one nanochannel into the planar substrate at an interface adjacent the narrow end of the nanofunnel.

Article (9,19) comprising a substrate (10, 20) comprising a polymer and having first (11,21) and second (12, 22) opposed major surfaces. The first major surface (11, 21) has first surface regions (13, 23) with first nanoparticles (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d) partially embedded into the first major surface (11, 21), and one of •(a) second surface regions (15) free of nanoparticles; or •(b) second surface regions (25) with at least second nanoparticles (28) on the first major surface (11, 21) or partially embedded into the first major surface (11, 21). The first surface regions (13, 23) have a first average surface roughness, R.sub.a1, of at least 20 nm, wherein the second surface regions (15, 25) have a second average surface roughness, R.sub.a2, of less than 100 nm, wherein the first average surface roughness, R.sub.a1, is greater than the second average surface roughness, R.sub.a2, and wherein there is an absolute difference between the first and second average surface roughness of at least 10 nm.

A method for the anti-icing treatment of a surface of an aircraft part made of an organic matrix composites includes a texturing step in which the surface is irradiated with femtosecond laser pulses so as to render the surface superhydrophobic.

A method for manufacturing a decorative material, the method including a step of creating density distribution data having a density value D(x, y) for each two-dimensional position (x, y); a step of converting the density value D(x, y) into a height H(x, y) corresponding to how large the concentration value is; a step of converting the height H(x, y) into a depth F(x, y) that corresponds to the height; a step of forming irregularities on a surface of a material to be a die based on the depth F(x, y) to form the die; and a step of shaping a resin with respect to the irregularities of the die to form irregularities on a surface of the resin.

A method for manufacturing a decorative material, the method including a step of creating density distribution data having a density value D(x, y) for each two-dimensional position (x, y); a step of converting the density value D(x, y) into a height H(x, y) corresponding to how large the concentration value is; a step of converting the height H(x, y) into a depth F(x, y) that corresponds to the height; a step of forming irregularities on a surface of a material to be a die based on the depth F(x, y) to form the die; and a step of shaping a resin with respect to the irregularities of the die to form irregularities on a surface of the resin.

Device surfaces are rendered superhydrophobic and/or superoleophobic through microstructures and/or nanostructures that utilize the same base material(s) as the device itself without the need for coatings made from different materials or substances. A medical device includes a portion made from a base material having a surface adapted for contact with biological material, and wherein the surface is modified to become superhydrophobic, superoleophobic, or both, using only the base material, excluding non-material coatings. The surface may be modified using a subtractive process, an additive process, or a combination thereof. The product of the process may form part of an implantable device or a medical instrument, including a medical device or instrument associated with an intraocular procedure. The surface may be modified to include micrometer- or nanometer-sized pillars, posts, pits or cavitations; hierarchical structures having asperities; or posts/pillars with caps having dimensions greater than the diameters of the posts or pillars.

Device surfaces are rendered superhydrophobic and/or superoleophobic through microstructures and/or nanostructures that utilize the same base material(s) as the device itself without the need for coatings made from different materials or substances. A medical device includes a portion made from a base material having a surface adapted for contact with biological material, and wherein the surface is modified to become superhydrophobic, superoleophobic, or both, using only the base material, excluding non-material coatings. The surface may be modified using a subtractive process, an additive process, or a combination thereof. The product of the process may form part of an implantable device or a medical instrument, including a medical device or instrument associated with an intraocular procedure. The surface may be modified to include micrometer- or nanometer-sized pillars, posts, pits or cavitations; hierarchical structures having asperities; or posts/pillars with caps having dimensions greater than the diameters of the posts or pillars.

Information is stored in an optical element in the form of a glass or plastic body embodied as spectacles lens, spectacles lens blank or spectacles lens semi-finished product. The information in the form of data is stored on or in the glass or plastic body by creating at least one marking with a marking system. The marking can be read by a reading apparatus. The marking system has an interface for reading information individualizing the optical element. The marking is created permanently by the marking system on or in the optical element at a definition point of a local body-specific coordinate system set by two points on or in the optical element. In this body coordinate system, the manufacturer specifies the position of the lens horizontal and/or the far and/or the near and/or the prism reference point.