A method is used for a pair of bonding composite materials that are each provided with a melting material and a heat-resistant material. Each heat-resistant material includes a heat-resistant member and a binder member. The ceramic separators have ceramic layers that face each other and that are bonded. An ultrasonic wave is applied to the composite materials while applying a pressure thereto with a processing member. Also heat is applied to the binder members with a heating member. Here, the heater heats the binder members to a temperature that is greater than or equal to the glass transition temperature of the binder members and less than the melting point of the binder members.

Methods are provided for fabricating electrochromic devices that mitigate formation of short circuits under a top bus bar without predetermining where top bus bars will be applied on the device. Devices fabricated using such methods may be deactivated under the top bus bar, or may include active material under the top bus bar. Methods of fabricating devices with active material under a top bus bar include depositing a modified top bus bar, fabricating self-healing layers in the electrochromic device, and modifying a top transparent conductive layer of the device prior to applying bus bars.

The present disclosure relates to methods and apparatuses for mechanically modifying substrates. The apparatuses herein may include a tool roll and an anvil roll. The tool roll may include tooling members adapted to perform various different operations, such as bonding, cutting, embossing, and/or activation of advancing substrates. The tooling members and associated tooling surfaces may not extend completely around the circumference of the tool roll. As such, the tool roll also includes one or more bearer rings that engage the anvil roll during portions of the tool roll rotation where the tooling members are not in engagement with the anvil roll. The tooling members and bearer rings herein are configured to help reduce vibrations in the anvil and/or tool roll caused by the alternating engagements of the tooling surfaces and bearer rings with the anvil roll during rotation.

Apparatus (10) and associated method for joining thermoplastic composite components (66, 68) to one another. Firstly, an electrically-conductive carbon-fibre textile (74) is positioned between two pieces of thermoplastic composite (66, 68) to form a weldable assembly (64), and pressure is applied to the weldable assembly (64). A voltage is then applied across the carbon-fibre textile (74) to heat the carbon-fibre textile (74), thereby melting the thermoplastic (82) of a carbon-fibre textile facing surface (78, 80) of each thermoplastic composite (66, 68), wherein the melted thermoplastic (82) fluidly fills the inter-fibre space (84) of the carbon-fibre textile (74). Upon removing the voltage to allow the carbon-fibre textile (74) to cool, a weld (86) forms between the two thermoplastic composites (66, 68) as the thermoplastic sets.

An induction heating device having two superimposed conductors is provided, comprising a first conductor having a first electrically conducting pattern; a second conductor having a second electrically conducting pattern; wherein the first electrically conducting pattern and the second electrically conducting pattern are: i) connected to an alternating current in use; ii) superimposed thereby resulting in at least one section where the first electrically conducting pattern overlaps the second electrically conducting pattern; and iii) separated by at least a space arranged for accommodating material with an electrically conducting layer, wherein when the alternating current is supplied, the alternating current in the first electrically conducting pattern in a specific section has the same direction as the alternating current of the second electrically conducting pattern in said section.

Methods are provided for fabricating electrochromic devices that mitigate formation of short circuits under a top bus bar without predetermining where top bus bars will be applied on the device. Devices fabricated using such methods may be deactivated under the top bus bar, or may include active material under the top bus bar. Methods of fabricating devices with active material under a top bus bar include depositing a modified top bus bar, fabricating self-healing layers in the electrochromic device, and modifying a top transparent conductive layer of the device prior to applying bus bars.

A window manufacturing method includes providing a first adhesive on a dummy substrate, providing a first mother substrate on the first adhesive, disposing a first portion of an interleaving paper on a surface of a suction stage disposed on the first mother substrate, the surface of the suction stage facing the first mother substrate, and pressing the suction stage toward the first mother substrate to attach the first mother substrate to the dummy substrate.

An apparatus for producing a gatherable material, wherein the material consists of at least two material web sections and one thread positioned between the material web sections, wherein the apparatus has a tool with a sealing surface and a counter-tool with a counter-sealing surface, wherein the tool and the counter-tool are arranged relative to one another such that the material web sections and the thread are guided through a gap formed by the tool and counter-tool, wherein the tool and/or the counter-tool has a groove for receiving the thread, wherein the groove is orientated in a feed direction divides the sealing or counter-sealing surface into partial sealing surfaces, and has a groove base and two side walls, wherein the side walls connect the groove base to the partial sealing surfaces, and at least one of the partial sealing surfaces has a flank which slopes down towards the groove base.