Methods for manufacturing a panel for a ball, in particular for a soccer ball, as well as panels manufactured by these methods and balls with such panels. A method comprises the following steps: providing a carrier material having an outer side and an inner side within a mold having at least one first and at least one second mold part. Three-dimensionally molding an outer layer of the panel on the outer side of the carrier material within the mold. Three-dimensionally molding an inner layer of the panel on the inner side of the carrier material using at least the first mold part.

A cartridge (1) for a 3D printer, wherein the cartridge (1) has a nozzle or is designed in such a way that a predefined nozzle can be formed in the cartridge (1). The cartridge (1) contains a dental composite material, and the dental composite material comprises a curable, in particular a light-hardenable, matrix and only fillers having a maximum particle size of <5 μm. The dental composite material has a viscosity, in a non-cured state, in the range of 1 to 10,000 Pa*s, preferably 10 to 2,000 Pa*s, more preferably between 50 to 800 Pa*s.

A cartridge (1) for a 3D printer, wherein the cartridge (1) has a nozzle or is designed in such a way that a predefined nozzle can be formed in the cartridge (1). The cartridge (1) contains a dental composite material, and the dental composite material comprises a curable, in particular a light-hardenable, matrix and only fillers having a maximum particle size of <5 μm. The dental composite material has a viscosity, in a non-cured state, in the range of 1 to 10,000 Pa*s, preferably 10 to 2,000 Pa*s, more preferably between 50 to 800 Pa*s.

Various components and methods related to a leading edge assembly are disclosed. The leading edge assembly can include an outer strike shell and a foam core. The foam core can be located inside the outer strike shell. The leading edge assembly can include a heating element with a plurality of sensors and wires. A method of manufacturing a leading edge assembly can include forming a composite layer, applying a metallic layer to the composite layer, installing an electronic device, and inserting a foam core into a cavity bounded by the composite layer and/or the electronic device.

Various components and methods related to a leading edge assembly are disclosed. The leading edge assembly can include an outer strike shell and a foam core. The foam core can be located inside the outer strike shell. The leading edge assembly can include a heating element with a plurality of sensors and wires. A method of manufacturing a leading edge assembly can include forming a composite layer, applying a metallic layer to the composite layer, installing an electronic device, and inserting a foam core into a cavity bounded by the composite layer and/or the electronic device.

A method for producing a 3D structure, according g to which a composite conductive substrate (CCS) with a conductive layer and a non-conductive layer is provided and a conductive pattern is determined for each layer of the 3D structure. A first layer of non-conductive matter on the CCS is printed, such that the conductive pattern of the first layer left empty from the non-conductive matter. The empty conductive pattern is filled with conductive matter by electroplating and for each following layer, in turn, printing, on the previous layer, a layer of non-conductive matter, the conductive pattern of the present layer left empty from the non-conductive matter; plating non-conductive areas of the previous layer that are left uncoated with conductive matter; and filling the empty conductive pattern of the present layer with conductive matter by electroplating.

A method for producing a 3D structure, according g to which a composite conductive substrate (CCS) with a conductive layer and a non-conductive layer is provided and a conductive pattern is determined for each layer of the 3D structure. A first layer of non-conductive matter on the CCS is printed, such that the conductive pattern of the first layer left empty from the non-conductive matter. The empty conductive pattern is filled with conductive matter by electroplating and for each following layer, in turn, printing, on the previous layer, a layer of non-conductive matter, the conductive pattern of the present layer left empty from the non-conductive matter; plating non-conductive areas of the previous layer that are left uncoated with conductive matter; and filling the empty conductive pattern of the present layer with conductive matter by electroplating.

A method for preparing a fully soft self-powered vibration sensor mainly uses a laser carbonization technology to prepare a two-dimensional porous carbon electrode with an origami structure, and then transfers the two-dimensional porous carbon electrode to a three-dimensional polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) cavity through mold transfer; Finally, a laser engraving technology is used to create microstructures on surfaces of the porous carbon electrode and a PDMS film. The sensor includes the PDMS film, a liquid metal droplet oscillator, a porous out-of-plane carbon electrode, and a 3D PDMS cavity assembled tightly from top to bottom. The sensor works based on the triboelectric nanogenerator principle, when the sensor is excited by vibrations, contact and triboelectrification at an interface of the liquid metal droplet oscillator and PDMS film charge both objects, making contact surfaces carry stable charges, which allows the movement of the liquid metal droplet oscillator to output current through electrostatic induction.

Polymer-based selective radiative cooling structures are provided which include a selectively emissive layer of a polymer or a polymer matrix composite material. Exemplary selective radiative cooling structures are in the form of a sheet, film or coating. Also provided are methods for removing heat from a body by selective thermal radiation using polymer-based selective radiative cooling structures, and a cold collection system comprising a plurality of the polymer-based selective radiative cooling structures.

The embodiments described herein provide for lightning protection in aircrafts constructed with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP). In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a first Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) panel, a second CFRP panel that overlaps with the first CFRP panel in a vertical direction, and a fastener to join the first CFRP panel with the second CFRP panel, the fastener extending in the vertical direction in an area where the first CFRP panel and the second CFRP panel overlap. The apparatus further includes a plurality of electrically conductive pins in each of the first CFRP panel and the second CFRP panel, wherein the pins extend in the vertical direction proximate to the fastener to electrically connect the first CFRP panel and the second CFRP panel in the area where the first CFRP panel and the second CFRP panel overlap.