Disclosed is an optical fiber with reducing light bias for lighting including: a core extending in a length direction and formed of a material containing a phosphorus (P) based stabilizer; and a clad formed to surround the core, wherein the phosphorus (P) based stabilizer contains cyclic phosphite.

A cladding light stripper may include a double-clad optical fiber having a core for guiding signal light, an inner cladding surrounding the core, and an outer cladding surrounding the inner cladding. The optical fiber may include a stripped portion forming an exposed section. The exposed section may include a plurality of spirally-arranged transversal notches disposed along the optical fiber to enable light to escape the inner cladding upon impinging on the plurality of notches. A circumferential segment of the optical fiber may include a single notch of the plurality of notches. Each of the plurality of notches may have a depth of only a partial distance to the core.

A method for locally introducing a light emitter or a plasmonic element into a light guide is provided. The method (300) comprising the acts of: applying (302) a printing head (100) to a surface (204) of the light guide (202, 404), the printing head (100, 200) comprising an insertion portion (102) comprising the light emitter (106) or the plasmonic element and a heating element (108), heating (304) the heating element (108) such that a portion (205) of the surface (204) of the light guide (202, 404) is locally heated, pressing (306) the printing head (100, 200) into the light guide (202, 404) such that at least a portion (208) of the insertion portion (102) is inserted into the light guide (202, 404), introducing (308) the light emitter (106) or the plasmonic element (500) into the light guide (202, 404) via the insertion portion (102). A printing head (100, 200) for locally introducing a light emitter (106) or a plasmonic element (500) into a light guide (202, 404) is also provided. A light guide (202, 404) comprising a light emitter (106) or a plasmonic element (200) introduced into the light guide (202, 404) by use of the method (300) or the printing head (100, 200) is further provided.

A system comprising an additive manufacturing device to create a macrostructure as a continuous piece, an applicator to apply a conductive coating to an inner surface of the macrostructure, and a signal attenuation tuner to attenuate a signal by modification of a physical dimension of the macrostructure. A method and another system are also disclosed.

A length of optical fiber has a core, a cladding layer surrounding the core and a coating layer applied over the cladding layer along the fiber for protecting the fiber. The coating layer is applied so that gaps of a certain width are defined intermittently in the coating layer over the length of fiber. The gaps in the coating layer have a depth D that is set to expose the cladding layer enough within the gaps so that the exposed cladding layer and the surrounded core can be fusion spliced or terminated with minimal if any required stripping of the coating layer off of the cladding layer.

A length of optical fiber has a core, a cladding layer surrounding the core and a coating layer applied over the cladding layer along the fiber for protecting the fiber. The coating layer is applied so that gaps of a certain width are defined intermittently in the coating layer over the length of fiber. The gaps in the coating layer have a depth D that is set to expose the cladding layer enough within the gaps so that the exposed cladding layer and the surrounded core can be fusion spliced or terminated with minimal if any required stripping of the coating layer off of the cladding layer.

A light cylinder, a dispenser, and a method of manufacturing a light cylinder are disclosed. The light cylinder includes an outer layer and an inside layer, where the inside layer is formed by filling optical resin into the inside space of the outer layer, and the refractive index of the optical resin is determined in consideration of the refractive index of the outer layer.

A method of forming a three-dimensional object, wherein said three-dimensional object is a footwear sole, heel, innersole or midsole, is described. The method may use a polymerizable liquid, or resin, useful for the production by additive manufacturing of a three-dimensional object, comprising a mixture of (i) a light polymerizable liquid first component, and (ii) a second solidifiable component that is different from said first component.

Systems and methods for embedding fiber optics cables within woven fibers. More specifically, protecting fiber optic cables from fluids, well pressure, mechanical strain, and environmental hazards within a downhole setting, wherein the fiber optic cables are protected using braided fibers, gel, and metals.

Techniques for producing an overcoat layer on slanted surface-relief structures and devices obtained using the techniques are disclosed. In some embodiments, a method of planarizing an overcoat layer over a surface-relief structure includes removing a portion of the overcoat layer using an ion beam at a glancing angle. The overcoat layer includes planar surface portions and non-planar surface portions. Each of the non-planar surface portions includes a first sloped side and a second sloped side facing the first sloped side. The glancing angle is selected such that the first sloped side of each non-planar surface portion is shadowed from the ion beam by an adjacent planar surface portion such that the ion beam does not reach at least the first sloped side of each non-planar surface portion but reaches the second sloped side of each non-planar surface portion.