An additive manufacturing system for printing three-dimensional parts, the system comprising a heatable region, a receiving surface, a print head configured to print a three-dimensional part onto the receiving surface in a layer-by-layer manner along a printing axis, and a drive mechanism configured to index the receiving surface along the printing axis such that the receiving surface and at least a portion of the three-dimensional part out of the heated region.

Instructional dermatology surface models (IDSMs) useful as educational tools are provided herein, including a three-dimensional base rendered from at least one reference image of a skin lesion and a two-dimensional image layer rendered from the at least one reference image of the skin lesion disposed on a top surface of the three-dimensional base. Also provided are methods of manufacture, assembly, and use of the disclosed IDSMs, together with educational kits including a selection of IDSMs for simulating a variety of skin lesions.

The present disclosure relates to an ultrasound phantom for a focused ultrasound wave. More specifically, the present invention provides an ultrasound phantom which mimics a body so as to correspond to a speed of sound in the body, in which agarose, sucrose, polydiacetylene vesicle, and distilled water are mixed, and a specific part onto which an ultrasound wave is irradiated by a focused ultrasound transducer is gradually discolored in accordance with a temperature.

Systems and methods for the dispensing of liquid, and automated layering of liquid hydrogel patterns are disclosed. In some embodiments, the systems and methods described herein may utilize a bioprinter having a brush that is configured to pattern a collagen layer. In some embodiments, the bioprinter may be used to make layered bioprinted materials. In some embodiments, the systems and methods described herein may include a bioprinter having an atomizer needle that is configured to dispense liquid in an automated way. In some embodiments, the disclosed systems and methods may provide modified surfaces upon which materials may be printed using a three-dimensional (3D) bioprinter. In one embodiment, a modified surface may be formed of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), silicones and the like.

A method of producing a test body for diffusion tensor imaging, which comprises a plurality of channels in a structuring material, the channels preferably having a maximum cross-section of 625 ?m.sup.2, wherein a virtual model of the test body is created and the virtual model is fed to a structuring device which produces the test body by means of a 3D printing-based, in particular lithography-based, structuring process, the structuring process being designed as a multiphoton lithography process, in particular as a multiphoton absorption process, in which the structuring material containing a photosensitizer or photoinitiator is irradiated in a location-selective manner, wherein the radiation is successively focused on focal points lying within the structuring material, resulting in that in each case a volume element of the material located in the focal point is subjected to a change in state by means of a photochemical reaction as a result of multiphoton absorption.

A method for measuring the dynamic stress field evolution law of a complex heterogeneous structure, comprising: preparing a transparent photosensitive resin model of a complex heterogeneous structure by means of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology to serve as a test piece (S101); placing the test piece in a light path of a circularly polarized light dark field, performing continuous stress loading on the test piece, and recording images (S102); acquiring a plurality of continuously changing full-field stress fringe grayscale images according to videos generated by the image recording (S103); then acquiring grayscale value change sequences of pixel points at each position in the images (S104); and finally, calculating full-field fringe orders under continuous loading conditions according to the relation between the grayscale values and the fringe orders so as to calculate full-field stress values under the continuous loading conditions (S105). Thus, it is possible to extract and quantify the global dynamic stress field evolution law of a complex heterogeneous structure subjected to high exterior load under fixed light field conditions.

An echogenic organ replica and method of manufacture using an additive manufacturing system are provided. The echogenic organ replica includes at least one lower acoustic impedance material and a higher acoustic impedance material distributed within the at least one lower acoustic impedance material. The resulting echogenicity of the echogenic organ replica varies in three dimensions across each of the one or more locations to substantially replicate an echogenicity associated with corresponding locations of in vivo organ tissue.

The invention relates to a method for producing a fiber-plastic composite reference body for simulating delamination for the nondestructive testing of FPC components, in particular aircraft components, comprising the following steps: i. producing a first insert by a. arranging a first FPC layer; b. forming a recess in the first FPC layer; c. procuring the first FPC layer, in order to obtain the first insert; ii. producing a second insert by a. arranging a second FPC layer; b. pre-curing the second FPC layer, in order to obtain the second insert; iii. providing at least one first FPC layer and at least one second FPC layer with a first clearance and a second clearance; iv. inserting the first insert and the second insert into the respective clearance of the corresponding FPC layer; v. curing the arrangement, a delamination being simulated at the recess of the first insert.

A fish model to replace the use of live fish in hydroelectric studies is provided. The fish model is cast from ballistic gel to include the density, dimensions, and weight distribution of a selected species of living fish. The fish model is formed by additively manufacturing a mold based on a three-dimensional scan of an actual fish. The mold is then used to mass produce fish models for force measurement testing at various blade speeds, thickness, and impact angles. Each fish model includes a surrogate skin and an internal sensor for strike force measurements. Optional additional sensors include strain gauges, temperature probes, pressure probes, and load sensors, for example.

Described herein are apparatuses, systems, and methods for fabricating tissue constructs, such as by fabricating perfusable tissue constructs by embedding a sacrificial material into a composite matrix yield stress support bath. A composite matrix bath can include a microgel filler and a hydrogel precursor. An extrusion tip can be used for embedded printing of perfusable tissue constructs by disposing sacrificial material into the composite matrix bath while the extrusion tip travels along a predefined course through the composite matrix bath. This sacrificial material can be the printed tissue construct or can be removed to render the matrix bath a perfusable tissue construct. The composite matrix bath can include acellular or cell-laden hydrogels. The sacrificial material can include a salt and a physiological buffer or a non-cytotoxic porogen material. The hydrogel precursor can include at least one of gellan and gelatin. Cross-linking can be carried out chemically, thermally, enzymatically, or physically.