One or more specific embodiments herein includes a method for producing an anatomical model, comprising providing a mold having a first cavity shaped to correspond to an anatomical structure, providing an insert inside the first cavity of the mold, positioning a first material into the first cavity such that the first material forms a base model, removing at least one portion of the insert from the mold to form a second cavity inside the mold, and positioning a second material into at least a portion of the second cavity.

The anatomical model of a nasal cavity, such as a human nasal cavity, for in-vitro inhalation studies such as toxicological screening, intranasal drug delivery studies, and neurophysiological studies. The model includes a model body including separable upper and lower model portions together defining the nasal cavity and including fluidic channels therein that define an olfactory region of the upper model portion, and a nasal passage defined in the lower model portion. A biocompatible porous membrane is positioned between the upper and lower model portions, and the biocompatible membrane is configured for culturing olfactory epithelium cells thereon. An artificial mucous layer coats a surface of the nasal cavity and is configured to collect particles passing through the nasal cavity.

An organ model comprises a polymer body formed from one or more selectively deposited substructures of a printable polymer-based ink composition, wherein the one or more selectively deposited substructures form a printed geometrical structure that corresponds to at least a portion of an anatomical structure of an organ, wherein a formulation of the printable polymer-based ink is selected such that the printed geometrical body has one or more material properties that match or substantially match one or more corresponding tissue material properties of an organ tissue, and an electronic device integrated onto a surface or into a structure of the printed geometrical structure.

The present disclosure relates to a tool used to producing anatomical phantoms. The tool includes an inner flexible mold which sits inside a rigid, thermally conductive outer shell. The rigid shell may be made out of aluminum. The silicone mold and thermally conductive shell both include at least two interlocking components. The shell is held together by a locking mechanism which can expand upon internal pressure. An anatomical phantom is produced from polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel by freezing and thawing a PVA liquid precursor in the silicone mold and demolding it.

Anatomically accurate brain phantoms are disclosed which may be patient specific and used for experimentally testing neuromodulation and neuroimaging procedures.

A frame assembly includes a valve body, a plurality of arms that each extend radially outward from the valve body to a respective arm-tip, and a plurality of ventricular legs that are coupled to the valve body and that extend radially outward from the valve body and toward the plurality of arms. A liner lines the lumen. Prosthetic leaflets are attached to the liner within the lumen. A first sheet of flexible material is attached to the plurality of arms. A second sheet of flexible material is attached to the first sheet and extends radially inwards and downstream, and is attached to the valve body. The first sheet, the second sheet, and the liner define an inflatable pouch therebetween. The apparatus defines a plurality of windows from the lumen into the pouch.

A method of forming a three-dimensional object 38 with a shape determined by model data defining a model 10 of the object, characterized by the steps of: a) splitting the model 10 into a high elevation/low resolution base part 18 and a low elevation/high resolution cover part 20; b) forming a base body 30 with a shape as determined by the base part 18 of the model; c) employing a 3D printing technique for printing a sheet-like cover body 34 with a shape as determined by the cover part 20 of the model; and d) matching the cover body 34 to the base body 30 by vacuum forming.

The present invention relates to nanoprocessing and heterostructuring of silk. It has been shown that few-cycle femtosecond pulses are ideal for controlled nanoprocessing and heterostructuring of silk in air. Two qualitatively different responses, ablation and bulging, were observed for high and low laser fluence, respectively. Using this approach, new classes of silk-based functional topological microstructures and heterostructures which can be optically propelled in air as well as on fluids remotely with good control have been fabricated.

A method of manufacturing a synthetic tissue model using one or more semi-flexible polymers or resin with at least one embedded mesh material is provided herein. The model provides suitable simulation of animal tissue designed to mimic tissue stiffness through varying the polymerization to simulate tissue stiffness level. Multiple polymers or multiple layers of polymer possessing different polymerization levels can be used to simulate tissues with different layers, such as skin. A mesh incorporated in the model provides durability, and can simulate layers of tissue through selection of the mesh material. A skin model using silicone-like material with a nylon tulle mesh was used to simulate skin for surgical procedures. The nylon tulle mesh increased resistance to tearing over time, due to insertion of surgical tools, thereby increasing usable life of the model and enhancing training as the model simulated skin for longer periods of time.

The present disclosure relates to a tool used to producing anatomical phantoms. The tool includes an inner flexible mold which sits inside a rigid, thermally conductive outer shell. The rigid shell may be made out of aluminum. The silicone mold and thermally conductive shell both include at least two interlocking components. The shell is held together by a locking mechanism which can expand upon internal pressure. An anatomical phantom is produced from polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel by freezing and thawing a PVA liquid precursor in the silicone mold and demolding it.