Methods and systems of fabrication of high resolution, high-throughput electrochemical sensing circuits on a substrate. High resolution electrochemical sensing circuits are printed by an effective additive technique to the substrate. Optionally, post-print annealing converts electrochemically inactive printed graphene into one that is electrochemically active. The printing can be by aerosol jet printing, but is not necessarily limited thereto. An example is inkjet printing and then the post-print annealing. Ink formulation would be adjusted for effectiveness with inkjet printing. Optionally biorecognition agents can be covalently bonded to the printed graphene for the purpose of electrochemical biosensing. High throughput fabrication of high-resolution graphene circuits (feature sizes in the tens of microns <50 m) for electrochemical biosensing is possible by chemical functionalization of the graphene surface with a biological agent.

A first object according to an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a conductive member which inhibits the breakage of thin metal wires in a case where the conductive member is subjected to a process during which the conductive member is exposed to a high temperature environment and/or a high pressure environment, and has excellent impact resistance. A second object according to the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a touch panel sensor and a touch panel that use the conductive member. A third object according to the embodiment of present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a molded article using the conductive member.

The conductive member according to an embodiment of the present invention is a conductive member having a substrate, an interlayer disposed on at least one surface of the substrate, a patterned plating target layer that is disposed in the form of a mesh on the interlayer and has a functional group interacting with a plating catalyst or a precursor thereof, a mesh-shaped metal layer that is disposed on the patterned plating target layer and includes a plurality of crossing thin metal wires, and a protective layer disposed on the metal layer, in which in a case where a represents a modulus of elasticity of the substrate at 25 C. and b represents a modulus of elasticity of the interlayer at 25 C., the conductive member satisfies the following Formula A,

0.010b/a0.500Formula A: an area ratio of the metal layer is 0.2% to 60%, and a modulus of elasticity of the protective layer at 25 C. is 0.10 to 5.00 GPa.

A gauge having a housing formed of a polymer material and one or more electrical feedthrough pins disposed in the housing. The electrical feedthrough pins can be oriented substantially perpendicular to each other and have complex shapes.

Provided is a system comprising a conduit from a gas chromatograph column to a single reactor comprising a Fe, Co, Pt, Ni, Rh, Pd and/or Ru catalyst(s), with hydrogen and oxygen feed conduits for providing hydrogen and oxygen to the reactor, and a conduit from the reactor to an FID detector. This allows one to practice a method for the detection and quantification of organic molecules from a gas chromatograph which comprises passing the effluent from a gas chromatograph column to a reactor comprising a Fe, Co, Pt, Ni, Rh, Pd and/or Ru catalyst; adding hydrogen and air/oxygen to the reactor; reacting the effluent from the gas chromatograph column in the reactor to sequentially oxidize then reduce all organic containing molecules to CH.sub.4 by heating to an elevated temperature, and passing the reactor effluent to an FID.

A composite structure with high pressure resistance that is suitable for a flow channel is produced by reducing the number of components while maintaining the excellent chemical resistance and high stress tolerance inherent to a glass substrate and a resin substrate. A glass substrate surface is modified with a hydrolyzable silicon compound, and the glass substrate is brought into contact with the resin substrate. Subsequently, the contact surface between the glass substrate and the resin substrate is heated to a temperature from the glass transition temperature to the pyrolysis temperature of the resin substrate, eliminating gaps between the glass substrate and the resin substrate to bring them into close contact with each other, and causing chemical binding or anchor effects between the glass substrate and the resin substrate via the hydrolyzable silicon compound. Thus, the glass substrate and the resin substrate are firmly fixed to each other.

The invention discloses a probe and a method of manufacturing the same. The probe has a long cylindrical shape and includes a probe head (1), a probe body (2) at the rear of the probe head (1), and a probe tail (3) at a rear end of the probe body (2). The probe has a three-layer composite structure. The probe tail is a three-layer composite structure. The probe of the invention is used to detect a body tissue, and according to different electrical signals fed back by different body tissues, a type of the body tissue being detected by the probe can be known, thereby avoiding a medical accident in which a spinal cord or nerve is injured by a screw intruded into a vertebral foramen. The probe of the invention is simple in structure, convenient for use, easy in operation, of high reliability, high surgical safety and high success rate of surgery.

Methods and systems suitable for fabricating multi-layer elastic electronic devices, and elastic electronic devices formed thereby. A method of fabricating an elastomer-based electronic device includes printing a first liquid material and then a second liquid material on a fabric substrate that comprises fibers. The first and second liquid materials are sequentially printed with a three-dimensional printer that directly prints the first liquid material onto the fabric substrate so that the first liquid material wicks through some of the fibers of the fabric substrate and forms a solid matrix of an elastomer-based composite that comprises the matrix and the fabric substrate, after which the three-dimensional printer directly prints the second liquid material on the elastomer-based composite to form a film thereon. The elastomer-based composite and film are electrical components of the elastomer-based electronic device.

The present application relates to a method for producing a three-dimensional object, comprising:providing a first material (A) and, thereon, a second material (B) which is a reversible chromic material;applying a stimulus to the second material (B) to change its optical properties from non-strong optical or substantially non-strong optical absorption properties to strong optical absorption properties, regarding a specific wavelength, andexposing the second material (B) to electromagnetic radiation to be absorbed thereby to photothermally fuse portions of the first material (A) in thermal contact with the second material (B). A second aspect of the application relates to a system adapted to implement the method of the first aspect. A third aspect of the application concerns a kit of materials for producing a three-dimensional object. In a fourth aspect, the application relates to a sensing device comprising a three-dimensional object manufactured according to the method presented in the application.

A process for producing a sensor for a biomedical electrode (e.g. an ECG electrode) involves injection molding an electrically conductive resin through a film of a backing material to form the sensor directly in the backing material and coating the contact face of the sensor with a non-polarizable conductive material (e.g. silver-containing material). Additional steps of applying an electrolyte over the non-polarizable conductive material coated on the contact face and applying a liner over the electrolyte results in the biomedical electrode. Biomedical electrode produced thereby have the sensor secured in a film of the backing material with a contact face of the sensor disposed on a first side of the film and a post of the sensor protruding from a second side of the film opposite the first side. The process permits production of one-piece sensors for bioelectrodes in a continuous fashion without the need for studs to retain sensors in a film of the backing material.

A method for measuring strain of a component includes determining a preferred placement for a strain sensor on the component, and a preferred feature dimension and orientation for the strain sensor at the preferred placement on the component; and printing the strain sensor at the preferred placement on the component with the preferred feature dimension and orientation.