A force sensor for measuring axially occurring forces in manually operated or pneumatic presses has a central axis and an outer diameter and includes a bolt and a nut that preload between them a piezoelectric force washer with a plug connection. The washer has an inner end face defining a first bore having a first diameter with an internal thread. The bolt defines a throughbore with an internal diameter, a head portion and a hollow shaft defining a frontal external thread extending through the force washer and engaging the nut's internal thread. The nut or the head portion defines a second bore with a second diameter measuring smaller than the shafts internal diameter but at least one quarter of the outer diameter and at least as long as its diameter. The inner wall of the second bore defines a center mount for a sliding fit.

A recycling method includes the steps of compacting recyclable material into a fixed bale, and weighing the recyclable material, using load cells, independently of the compacting forces. Compacting equipment for performing the method includes balers with load cells and anchors, with the load cells weighing the baler and the recyclable material in the baler, and with the anchors anchoring the baler in place without interfering with the weighing.

A computer-implemented method, a data processing system, and a computer program product for indicating a failure of a manufacturing process, as well as a corresponding manufacturing machine and a computer-implemented method of training a machine learning system (MLS) for indicating states of a manufacturing process, are provided. An input signal of a sensor is transformed into a parameter. The parameter is provided to the MLS, which derives latent features. The latent features are mapped into one of a number of distinct clusters each representing a mode of the manufacturing process. A failure of the manufacturing process based on the different states of the manufacturing process may be indicated.

A control system includes a load detector, a determination unit, and a drive control unit. The load detector detects a load of a slide. The load of the slide includes a positive load due to a pressing force of the slide during pressing and a negative load at the time of a breakthrough. The determination unit determines whether to execute emergency stopping of the slide based on the positive load and the negative load detected by the load detector. The drive control unit controls the driving of the slide based on the determination result of the determination unit.

A press system includes: a press device configured to perform press working on a workpiece; a detection device configured to detect a press load applied for the press working by the press device; a number acquisition device configured to acquire a number of cycles of press loading, for each section of a plurality of sections into which a press loading region over a total length of a slide stroke is divided; a stress calculation device configured to calculate a stress applied to the press device, the stress corresponding to the press load for each section of the press loading region; and a degree-of-fatigue calculation device configured to calculate a degree of fatigue of the press device, based on respective stresses applied to the press device and respective numbers of cycles of press loading, for the plurality of sections of the press loading region.

Disclosed herein are an electric press and a method for calibrating the electric press, which can implement a rapid calibration operation. An electric press (10) includes a ram location information storage unit (63) and a load control unit (64). The ram location information storage unit (63) stores ram location information, corresponding to actual load values and representing locations to which a ram is moved, in advance. The load control unit (64) applies an actual load, corresponding to at least one location which belongs to the locations represented by the ram location information and to which the ram is moved, to a compression target by moving the ram to the location. Accordingly, the load value output by the detection unit is calibrated based on the actual load value applied to the compression target.

In a roll press device, a thickness meter is provided on the exit side of first and second pressure rollers and detects the thickness of an electrode plate of a secondary battery at three or more points in the width direction of the electrode plate. From thickness measurement values at the three or more points and a thickness target value, a calculation unit calculates three feature amounts: the deviation between a thickness measurement value at the central point among the three or more points and the thickness target value, the quadratic component of the thickness profile of the electrode plate, and the linear component of the thickness profile of the electrode plate, and adaptively changes the respective pressure setting values of the first press mechanism, the second press mechanism, the first bend mechanism, and the second bend mechanism based on the three feature amounts.

In a method for measuring or calibrating utensils, in particular in pressing processes, different dimensions and/or positions of the utensils, such as tools, stamps (16, 17), die units (22), chucks (14, 15, 21) or the like, are determined. A measuring device (10) is provided, with which the utensils are placed relative to one another in the press as in the installed state and are displaceable relative to one another at least in the axial direction (A) of the opening in the die unit (22) forming the die and are measured and/or calibrated individually and relative to one another. The pressed parts and workpieces to be produced using a press can thus be manufactured in a highly precise manner, moreover in high numbers using the same utensils.

A press load measuring apparatus for a press machine of 1-point type includes: a plurality of strain gauges attached to the respective columns of the press machine, the plurality of strain gauges detecting respective strains generated in the respective columns in association with a press load acting on the slide; a bending moment calculator configured to calculate bending moments acting on respective columns based on an angle formed between a direction of movement of the slide and the connecting rod; and a press partial load calculator configured to calculate press partial load signals corresponding to the respective columns, an impact of bending strain components caused by the bending moments included in the strain signals being eliminated from the press partial load signals based on the bending moments acting on the respective columns detected by strain gauges attached to the respective columns.

Press-fitting work is evaluated by appropriately determining a load when sliding occurs. A load-drop determination unit determines whether or not a load value detected by a load detecting unit exceeds a load-drop determination value decided based on a moving average value and a dispersion average value stored in a storage unit. A data substitution unit substitutes the load value which is determined to exceed the load-drop determination value in the load-drop determination unit with a predetermined value.