A tape includes, in a cross-sectional shape: a first and a second portion which are configured to be at least partially in opposition. The first portion includes: thick portions provided in corresponding one of a first and a third region, out of the first, a second, and the third region in a width direction of the tape; a first and a second thin portion provided at respective both end portions, in the width direction, of the second region positioned between the first and the third region; and at least one intermediate portion provided between the first and the second thin portion. The second portion includes: thick portions provided in corresponding one of the first and the third region and extending beyond end portions, in the width direction, of the second region; and at least one third thin portion provided in the second region and opposed to the intermediate portion.

An exemplary web of preformed bags includes first and second layers, first and second side edges that hermetically join the first and second layers, a plurality of transverse seals extending between the first and second side edges, a plurality of first lines of weakness in the first layer, and a plurality of second lines of weakness in the second layer. The first lines of weakness are weaker than the second lines of weakness. The preformed bags are defined by the first and second side edges, the first and second lines of weakness, and the transverse seals.

Provided is a bag making apparatus with a simple configuration that: prevents fluctuations in tension, slippage of seal positions, and meandering or skewing of a web of film; allows the setting of precise initial conditions; reduces or makes unnecessary monitoring, and time and structures for adjustment; allows increased feed rate; and improves production efficiency. The bag making apparatus for packaging containers comprises: a tension control unit for controlling the continuous feed rate according to the values detected by a tension sensor of a tension detection roll; an optical detection unit for simultaneously recognizing multiple marks provided on the surface of the web of film at the respective positions thereof; a skewing correction unit; and a seal position correction unit for adjusting the positions of multiple sealing units in the feed direction.

A flexible pipe body and method of producing a flexible pipe body, the flexible pipe body including a collapse resistant layer comprising a radially inner surface and a radially outer surface, the radially inner surface comprising a plurality of substantially regular protrusions and/or depressions extending in a direction perpendicular to a tangent of the radially inner surface, for breaking up a boundary layer of fluid flowing along the flexible pipe body in use.

An installation for producing bags from two-layer plastic film includes a film gripper for drawing the plastic film into a tool at a first station, and a rotary conveyor belt for conveying the film through a plurality of stations. The film gripper is designed to guide the plastic film through the first station to a second station.

A thermoplastic bag includes raised rib-like elements that allow the thermoplastic bag to expand. The thermoplastic bag further includes side seals having rib-like elements that allow the side seals to expand. Additionally, in one or more implementations, the thermoplastic bag includes one or more of a material formulation, a density of raised rib-like elements, a height of raised rib-like elements, or land areas that provide the raised rib-like elements with a reduced rebound ratio.

A bag making apparatus and a bag making method make bags. The bag has a first panel part and a first flap part formed by folding a first sheet part, and a second panel part and a second flap part formed by folding a second sheet part. The first and second panel parts face each other. The first and second flap parts are interposed between the first and second panel parts and face each other. An open edge is formed by folded edges of the first and second sheet parts. The bag further comprises adhesive located between the open edge and the engagement tool, interposed between the first and second flap parts and extending across the widths of the first and second sheet parts to peelably adhere the first and second flap parts to each other. Alternatively, the second sheet part may only consists of the second panel part.

A protective product, such as, e.g., an envelope or pouch, is provided that includes at least one expanded slit paper sheet in an expanded state, and an embossed paper sheet facing the expanded slit paper sheet and fixed to the expanded slit paper sheet along at least a portion of a length in an expansion direction of the expanded slit sheet paper. In the preferred embodiments, the embossed paper sheet has a plurality of embossings that increase the rigidity of the embossed paper sheet, thereby inhibiting deformation of the embossed paper sheet that is fixed to the expanded slit sheet paper.

A bag machine for production of bags made of paper material includes an unwinding device to unwind and feed paper material in a transport direction (x), a device to produce weakening lines partially offset in direction (x), so that a first wall of the bag continues in at least one tab that extends beyond a second wall, a tube-forming device, in which side areas are folded to form an overlapping area, a separation device to separate tube sections along the weakening lines, and a bottom formation device, in which areas of a leading end of the tube section are folded and fastened onto an outer wall thereof. The machine has a device for application of adhesive surfaces to the paper material, with which an adhesive surface is applied to an area of the paper material that represents the side of the tab facing the second wall in the finished bag.

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for deep-drawing a tray (1) from a blank of sheet material (2). The blank is provided with score lines, which determine the location of wrinkles formed in the process. The apparatus comprises a female moulding tool (3), which comprises a cavity (7) for forming the tray bot-tom outwardly, a male moulding tool (4), which comprises a plunger (11) for form-ing the tray bottom inwardly, the plunger being movable with respect to the cavity for forming the tray, and clamps (6, 15) with an interface for holding the sheet ma-terial and forming a tray rim flange. According to the invention by laterally distanc-ing at least one of the moulding tools (3, 4) from the sheet material leeway is pro-vided for free forming so that wrinkling of the tray side walls is achieved in a con-trolled manner. Spacer plates (13) may be positioned behind the plunger (11), to adjust its position in relation to the cavity (7) of the female moulding tool (3). The cavity may have a separate bottom plate (8) and spacer plates (9) therebelow, or screw means may be provided for adjusting the distance of the bottom of the cavi-ty from the clamp interface and thereby varying the depth of the tray.