Materials and methods for mitigating passive intermodulation. A membrane for reducing passive intermodulation includes a first polymeric layer, a second polymeric layer, and a continuous metal layer encapsulated between the first and second polymeric layers. A self-adhesive radio frequency barrier tape includes a waterproof polymeric top layer, a metal-containing layer adhered by an adhesive layer to the polymeric top layer, a pressure sensitive adhesive layer adhered to the metal-containing layer, and a release liner on a bottom surface of the pressure sensitive adhesive layer. A method of mitigating passive intermodulation includes passing a probe over an area of interest, the probe being sensitive to an intermodulation frequency of interest, and identifying a suspected source of passive intermodulation when the amplitude of the probe output exceeds a threshold at the frequency of interest. The method further includes covering the suspected passive intermodulation source with a radio frequency barrier material.

One aspect of the disclosure is a shingle including a first bituminous sheet at the bottom surface of the shingle, the first bituminous sheet having a lower edge disposed at the lower end of the shingle, the first bituminous sheet having one or more slits extending from the lower edge of the first bituminous sheet toward the upper end of the shingle; and a second bituminous sheet at least partially laminated to a top surface of the first bituminous sheet, the second bituminous sheet having a lower edge disposed adjacent the lower end of the shingle, the second bituminous sheet having one or more tabs being defined by one or more notches formed in the second bituminous sheet, each notch extending away from the lower edge of the second bituminous sheet.

One aspect of the disclosure is a shingle including a first bituminous sheet at the bottom surface of the shingle, the first bituminous sheet having a lower edge disposed at the lower end of the shingle, the first bituminous sheet having one or more slits extending from the lower edge of the first bituminous sheet toward the upper end of the shingle; and a second bituminous sheet at least partially laminated to a top surface of the first bituminous sheet, the second bituminous sheet having a lower edge disposed adjacent the lower end of the shingle, the second bituminous sheet having one or more tabs being defined by one or more notches formed in the second bituminous sheet, each notch extending away from the lower edge of the second bituminous sheet.

Various embodiments disclosed relate to a composite shingle. The composite shingle includes a particle layer and a polyketone layer proximate to the particle layer.

A method is provided for forming an adhered membrane roof system. The method comprises applying a bond adhesive to a substrate on a roof to form an adhesive layer and applying a membrane directly to the adhesive layer. The bond adhesive includes a polymer having a silicon-containing hydrolyzable terminal group.

Materials and methods for mitigating passive intermodulation. A membrane for reducing passive intermodulation includes a first polymeric layer, a second polymeric layer, and a continuous metal layer encapsulated between the first and second polymeric layers. A self-adhesive radio frequency barrier tape includes a waterproof polymeric top layer, a metal-containing layer adhered by an adhesive layer to the polymeric top layer, a pressure sensitive adhesive layer adhered to the metal-containing layer, and a release liner on a bottom surface of the pressure sensitive adhesive layer. A method of mitigating passive intermodulation includes passing a probe over an area of interest, the probe being sensitive to an intermodulation frequency of interest, and identifying a suspected source of passive intermodulation when the amplitude of the probe output exceeds a threshold at the frequency of interest. The method further includes covering the suspected passive intermodulation source with a radio frequency barrier material.

A roofing mat and a preparation method thereof are disclosed. A composite device includes a first roller, a second roller and a third roller. A die is located at the first roller. The preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1: laminating a first non-woven fabric to form a waterproof film; step 2: conveying asphalt to the die; step 3: rolling the first non-woven fabric by means of the first roller, rolling a woven fabric/a second non-woven fabric by means of the second roller, applying the asphalt to the waterproof film of the first non-woven fabric by means of the die, the first roller and the second roller being rolled and pressed against each other, the first non-woven fabric rolled by the first roller and the woven fabric/the second non-woven fabric rolled by the second roller being compressed together and then conveyed to a third roller for cooling, outputting, trimming, and winding.

The present disclosure provides a mortar bed gauge device, system, and method that create a predetermined mortar bed thickness. The mortar bed gauge device includes a web of extruded polymer monofilaments having indentations on a surface of the web. The mortar bed gauge system includes the web located between a substrate layer and a finish layer. The mortar bed gauge method includes supplying the web, laying the web onto the substrate layer, placing a mortar composition onto the web, and measuring the amount of composition being placed on the web by the thickness of the web.

A bond adhesive composition comprising a polymer having a silicon-containing hydrolyzable terminal group and a hydrocarbon resin, where the composition is substantially devoid of phenolic resin.

A sound insulating material, a sound insulating plate, and a partition structure of a train carriage are provided. The sound insulating material comprises the following components in weight ratio: 2-8 parts of tricalcium silicate; 4-10 parts of calcium hydroxide; 10-30 parts of aluminosilicate; 4-10 parts of alumina; 5-15 parts of iron oxide; 10-30 parts of a binder; and 5-10 parts of a curing agent, wherein the binder is at least two of lithium silicate, sodium silicate and calcium silicate; the curing agent is at least one of lithium oxide, magnesium oxide and silica; and the mixture of the aluminosilicate, alumina and iron oxide expands at 1000 C.-1350 C. to form particles. The sound insulating plate made of this material is lightweight and has a sound insulation capacity of 35-42 dB.