Methods for forming multi-layer substrates including top and bottom surface layers and a melt softened thermoplastic material layer between the exterior surface layers, where the thermoplastic material includes polyethylene or has a tan delta value of 0.2 to 0.4 within the temperature range of 100° F.−350° F. The 3 (or more) layers are assembled, and heated, melt softening the thermoplastic material, causing bonding of the thermoplastic layer to the exterior surface layers. A cleaning composition may be loaded onto the multi-layer substrate, where a fluid pathway through the melted thermoplastic material allows the cleaning composition to travel between the surface layers. Adhesion between the surface layers and the thermoplastic layer is provided by the thermoplastic material itself, which bonds to groups of fibers in the surface layers. The process does not require chemical adhesives, any processing water, drying, or the like, so as to be possible with low capital investment.

Methods for forming multi-layer substrates including top and bottom surface layers and a melt softened thermoplastic material layer between the exterior surface layers, where the thermoplastic material includes polyethylene or has a tan delta value of 0.2 to 0.4 within the temperature range of 100° F.−350° F. The 3 (or more) layers are assembled, and heated, melt softening the thermoplastic material, causing bonding of the thermoplastic layer to the exterior surface layers. A cleaning composition may be loaded onto the multi-layer substrate, where a fluid pathway through the melted thermoplastic material allows the cleaning composition to travel between the surface layers. Adhesion between the surface layers and the thermoplastic layer is provided by the thermoplastic material itself, which bonds to groups of fibers in the surface layers. The process does not require chemical adhesives, any processing water, drying, or the like, so as to be possible with low capital investment.

A film comprising microfibrillated cellulose, nanoparticles, and a retention polymer. The nanoparticles are nanosilica nanoparticles that are anionic at neutral or alkaline pH and have at least one dimension less than 100 nm; and the retention polymer is starch. According to the present invention a high amount of nanoparticles is used as an additive, optionally together with a retention polymer.

A pad of dispensable adhesive tape segments is shown and described. The pad includes a protective envelope and a number of tape segments. The tape segments are arrayed such that detachable pull tabs for each are exposed for grasp. The envelope may include a strip folded over onto itself and adhered in place. The envelope is pulled open and may be adhered to an environmental surface. Tape segments have adhesive of weaker adherence than the adhesive of the envelope so that when pulled by a pull tab, each tape segment preferentially releases from the next, but the envelope maintains adherence to the environmental surface. Adhesive lined tabs initially holding the envelope closed may also be used for adherence to the environmental surface. Preferably used for medical tape, the envelope is waterproof to maintain sterility of tape segments.

Methods for forming multi-layer substrates including top and bottom surface layers and a melt softened thermoplastic material layer between the exterior surface layers, where the thermoplastic material includes polyethylene or has a tan delta value of 0.2 to 0.4 within the temperature range of 100 F.-350 F. The 3 (or more) layers are assembled, and heated, melt softening the thermoplastic material, causing bonding of the thermoplastic layer to the exterior surface layers. A cleaning composition may be loaded onto the multi-layer substrate, where a fluid pathway through the melted thermoplastic material allows the cleaning composition to travel between the surface layers. Adhesion between the surface layers and the thermoplastic layer is provided by the thermoplastic material itself, which bonds to groups of fibers in the surface layers. The process does not require chemical adhesives, any processing water, drying, or the like, so as to be possible with low capital investment.

Methods for forming multi-layer substrates including top and bottom surface layers and a melt softened thermoplastic material layer between the exterior surface layers, where the thermoplastic material includes polyethylene or has a tan delta value of 0.2 to 0.4 within the temperature range of 100 F.-350 F. The 3 (or more) layers are assembled, and heated, melt softening the thermoplastic material, causing bonding of the thermoplastic layer to the exterior surface layers. A cleaning composition may be loaded onto the multi-layer substrate, where a fluid pathway through the melted thermoplastic material allows the cleaning composition to travel between the surface layers. Adhesion between the surface layers and the thermoplastic layer is provided by the thermoplastic material itself, which bonds to groups of fibers in the surface layers. The process does not require chemical adhesives, any processing water, drying, or the like, so as to be possible with low capital investment.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a composite sheet, which achieves all of water repellency, water resistance, transparency and mechanical strength. The present invention relates to a sheet having a fiber layer and a coating layer on the fiber layer, wherein the fiber layer comprises ultrafine cellulose fibers having a fiber width of 1000 nm or less in an amount of 60% by mass or more, the haze of the sheet is 20% or less, and the water contact angle of the surface of the sheet on the side of the coating layer which is measured 30 seconds after completion of the dropping of distilled water is 70 degrees or more.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a composite sheet, which achieves all of water repellency, water resistance, transparency and mechanical strength. The present invention relates to a sheet having a fiber layer and a coating layer on the fiber layer, wherein the fiber layer comprises ultrafine cellulose fibers having a fiber width of 1000 nm or less in an amount of 60% by mass or more, the haze of the sheet is 20% or less, and the water contact angle of the surface of the sheet on the side of the coating layer which is measured 30 seconds after completion of the dropping of distilled water is 70 degrees or more.

A scratch-protective, air-permeable and waterproofed protective sheet includes a buffering air-permeable layer, and a first and second scratch-protective combining layer which are laminated respectively on a surface of the buffering air-permeable layer. The buffering air-permeable layer, and the first and second scratch-protective combining layer are air permeable. The buffering air-permeable layer is a non-woven fabric, a fiber material chosen among polyethylene fiber, polyolefin fiber, polyester fiber, cellulose fiber, regenerated cellulose fiber, polyamide fiber, mineral fiber and metallic fiber; whereas, the first and second scratch-protective combining layer are a plastic rubber elastomer chosen from PVC, polyolefin, TPU, TPO, SBS, SEBS, ABS, NBR, CR, Hypalon, natural rubber, IIR, cross-linking elastomer or blend thereof. The first and second scratch-protective combining layer are self-adhesive on both sides, facilitating the leak-proofing from the joining places on overlapped edges of the scratch-protective, air-permeable and waterproofed protective sheet.

A biodegradable cellulose fiber-based substrate, at least one side of which is coated with a release coating including: a) at least one water-soluble polymer (WSP) containing hydroxyl groups, and b) at least one lactone substituted with at least one linear or branched and/or cyclic C.sub.8-C.sub.30 hydrocarbon chain which may contain heteroatoms. The biodegradable substrate is certified biodegradable in accordance with EN 13432. A method of production thereof is also disclosed.