This film-shaped firing material is a film-shaped firing material containing sinterable metal particles and a binder component, in which, when the average thickness of the portion of the film-shaped firing material excluding the edge portion is deemed 100%, the average thickness of the edge portion of the film-shaped firing material is at least 5% thicker than the average thickness of the portion of the film-shaped firing material excluding the edge portion.

A multilayer adhesive sheet, an optical member including the same, and a display apparatus including the same are provided. A multilayer adhesive sheet includes: a base layer; a first adhesive layer stacked on a surface of the base layer; and a second adhesive layer stacked on another surface of the base layer, and the base layer includes a polyurethane-based film manufactured by solution casting and has a storage modulus of 700 MPa to 1,500 MPa at −20° C. and a storage modulus of 10 MPa to 100 MPa at 85° C.

A multilayer adhesive sheet, an optical member including the same, and a display apparatus including the same are provided. A multilayer adhesive sheet includes: a base layer; a first adhesive layer stacked on a surface of the base layer; and a second adhesive layer stacked on another surface of the base layer, and the base layer includes a polyurethane-based film manufactured by solution casting and has a storage modulus of 700 MPa to 1,500 MPa at −20° C. and a storage modulus of 10 MPa to 100 MPa at 85° C.

A light-translucent artificial leatherette (e.g., for use in an automotive interior) consists of a surface treating agent layer and a multilayer polymer material construction. The multilayer polymer material construction is comprised of at least an epidermal layer, which is a pigmented layer, and a surface treating agent layer, which is affixed to the epidermal layer. The light-translucent artificial leatherette is further comprised of a light-shielding layer, within which an inverse mask or light-transparent patterned structure is incorporated. The light-shielding layer is positioned between two laminates of the multilayer polymer construction adjacent thereto. The light-shielding layer is positioned directly between two laminates of the multilayer polymer construction adjacent thereto, and an inverse mask pattern is embedded into the light-shielding layer. A light source can illuminate the inverse mask structure and thereby display an inverse mask pattern on the light-translucent artificial leatherette surface.

A light-translucent artificial leatherette (e.g., for use in an automotive interior) consists of a surface treating agent layer and a multilayer polymer material construction. The multilayer polymer material construction is comprised of at least an epidermal layer, which is a pigmented layer, and a surface treating agent layer, which is affixed to the epidermal layer. The light-translucent artificial leatherette is further comprised of a light-shielding layer, within which an inverse mask or light-transparent patterned structure is incorporated. The light-shielding layer is positioned between two laminates of the multilayer polymer construction adjacent thereto. The light-shielding layer is positioned directly between two laminates of the multilayer polymer construction adjacent thereto, and an inverse mask pattern is embedded into the light-shielding layer. A light source can illuminate the inverse mask structure and thereby display an inverse mask pattern on the light-translucent artificial leatherette surface.

Textile backsheets including a nonwoven fabric and film, such as a vapor-permeable and liquid impermeable (VPLI) film or a non-permeable film, are provided, wherein the nonwoven fabric is directly or indirectly bonded to the film. Methods of making such textile backsheets and absorbent articles including the textile backsheets are also provided.

A method for producing a laminated pane with a functional element with electrically switchable optical properties, includes creating a first stack of layers including a first pane, a first thermoplastic laminating film, a separating film, a second thermoplastic laminating film, a second pane, laminating the first stack of layers while being heated, taking the first pane with the first thermoplastic laminating film off the second pane with the second thermoplastic laminating film, and the at least one separating film is removed from the stack of layers, providing a functional element having an active layer, placing the functional element into the stack of layers, whereby a second stack of layers is formed, laminating the second stack of layers to form a laminated pane, wherein the separating film is detachable residue-free from the first thermoplastic laminating film and the second thermoplastic laminating film.

A method for producing a laminated pane with a functional element with electrically switchable optical properties, includes creating a first stack of layers including a first pane, a first thermoplastic laminating film, a separating film, a second thermoplastic laminating film, a second pane, laminating the first stack of layers while being heated, taking the first pane with the first thermoplastic laminating film off the second pane with the second thermoplastic laminating film, and the at least one separating film is removed from the stack of layers, providing a functional element having an active layer, placing the functional element into the stack of layers, whereby a second stack of layers is formed, laminating the second stack of layers to form a laminated pane, wherein the separating film is detachable residue-free from the first thermoplastic laminating film and the second thermoplastic laminating film.

Floor panels have coupling parts in the form of a tongue and groove with locking surfaces. In a coupled state of two such panels, an open space is present, viewed vertically, between the tongue and the lower lip, and viewed horizontally, between the contact zone and the contact between the horizontally active locking surfaces. The underside of the tongue in the open space comprises a first face. The top side of the lower lip in the open space comprises a second face parallel to the first face. In the coupled state of two such panels, at least one face is perpendicular to the panel and intersects both the first face of the first coupled panel and the second plane of the panel coupled to the first panel.

A composite material for use as a billboard sheeting material includes a scrim coated on only a single side with PVC. The composite weighs about 5 ounces per square yard.