A three-dimensional object comprises substantially planar or flat substrate layers that are folded and stacked in a predetermined order and infiltrated by a hardened material. The object is fabricated by positioning powder on all or part of multiple substrate layers. On each layer, the powder is selectively deposited in a pattern that corresponds to tiles that each have a slice of the object. For each slice, powder is deposited in positions that correspond to positions in the slice where the object exists, and not deposited where the object does not exist. The tiles of each substrate layer are folded and aligned in a predetermined order. Multiple folded substrate layers mat be combined into a single stack. The powder is transformed into a substance that flows and subsequently hardens into the hardened material in a spatial pattern that infiltrates positive regions, and does not infiltrate negative regions, in the substrate layers.

Container insulation including a batt comprised of large paper particles, at least 90% of which by weight are greater than 10 mm in diameter. Less than 5% by weight binder fibers are used, which have a length of at least 20 mm. Most preferably, no binder fibers are used. Where the batts are faced with paper, the paper is coated with a biodegradable coating. The resulting product is repulpable and recyclable in accordance with Fiber Box Association (FBA) testing protocols.

Container insulation including a batt comprised of large paper particles, at least 90% of which by weight are greater than 10 mm in diameter. Less than 5% by weight binder fibers are used, which have a length of at least 20 mm. Most preferably, no binder fibers are used. Where the batts are faced with paper, the paper is coated with a biodegradable coating. The resulting product is repulpable and recyclable in accordance with Fiber Box Association (FBA) testing protocols.

The invention relates to thermal management systems for devices that generate heat, including electronic devices such as portable electronics, for example, cell phones, electronic components, and/or battery systems. A multilayer phase change material composite structure may include multiple layers having different properties. For example, a PCM material composite layer may include a supporting structure having pores and a phase change material. Further, a layer of fire retardant material may be used in the multilayer phase change material. In some embodiments, additional layers such as coatings, thermal interface materials, and/or high thermal conductivity material may be present. A matrix formed from a porous supporting structure and a phase change material may be used to control and/or dissipate heat in a thermal management system. Support elements may provide stability. The thermal management system may mitigate conditions that could lead to a thermal runaway event and/or may influence conditions within the system during a potential thermal runaway event to reduce risk of fire. The thermal management system may include water, flame- and/or fire-retardant materials to control temperatures of an energy storage device and/or system. A housing may be used to surround a portion of a heat generating device such as an energy storage device or system, for example, an individual battery or a group of batteries, respectively. The housing or enclosure may include interior structures that surround and in some cases electrically isolate batteries from a thermal sink that includes a porous flame- and/or fire-retardant material having water in the pores.

An example composite building material includes one or more layers of polymeric fibers, binding agent, and optional fillers, and at least one surface layer of resin-impregnated paper disposed above and/or below the one or more layers. The one or more layers can include a core layer with longer polymeric fibers and top and bottom layers with shorter polymeric fibers. A method of manufacturing the composite building material includes forming the one or more layers, applying the at least one surface layer above and/or below the one or more layers, and heating and pressing the combined layers.

The present disclosure relates generally to roofing elements and methods for making them. In one embodiment, the disclosure provides a roofing element in the form of a roofing shingle that includes a body of a foamed cured cross-linked polymer, the body having a top surface and a bottom surface, the body extending substantially in a plane and having a thickness in the range of 0.5 mm to 35 mm; and a layer of weather-resistant roofing granules disposed on and adhered at the top surface of roofing element. The roofing element can be made by providing a body of wet foamed curable composition, and allowing the curable composition to cure to provide the body of foamed cured cross-linked polymer.

Disclosed herein is a method of manufacturing an improved cover board product with a panel. In some embodiments, the method includes preparing fragments into an assembly; mixing the fragments and an adhesive into a blended core furnish; applying the adhesive to a top side of a bottom layer fabric in the assembly; forming a core mat of the blended core furnish on top of the adhesive; applying the adhesive to a top side of the core mat; applying a surface layer fabric on the top side of the adhesive; pressing the assembly; and cutting and trimming the assembly to form panels.

The present disclosure relates to a plastic-containing support for a decorated wall panel or floor panel, comprising a supporting material including a thermoplastic matrix material, in which a solid material with a particle size less than or equal to 800 μm is embedded, wherein the support has a length, a width and a thickness, wherein the support has a density gradient along its thickness from a bottom surface to a top surface arranged on the opposite side to the bottom surface in such a manner, that the density of the supporting material averaged over a specified width or a specified length of at least 5 mm, preferably at least 20 mm, from the bottom surface to the top surface initially declines and then increases again.

The workpiece protection sheet is used between a suction table and a workpiece in a state where the workpiece protection sheet is sucked to the suction table when the workpiece is pressed on the suction table. The workpiece protection sheet includes a base layer and an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene porous layer, an air permeability in a thickness direction of the workpiece protection sheet measured such that the base layer side is at an upstream side of airflow during measuring is 4000 seconds/100 mL or more as represented by a Gurley air permeability measured according to Method B of air permeability measurement specified in JIS L1096, a suction surface to be sucked to the suction table is composed of the base layer, and a contact surface to be in contact with the workpiece is composed of the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene porous layer.

A magnesium-oxide wall tile for use in a modular wall system includes a plurality of layers. The plurality of layers includes an inner core comprising magnesium-oxide and having a length and a height and a front face and a back face. plurality of layers also includes a thermofoil layer disposed over at least one face of the inner core.