A plastic substrate includes: a plastic support member having light transmittance; and a first organic-inorganic hybrid layer on the plastic support member. The first organic-inorganic hybrid layer includes: a first organic-inorganic hybrid matrix; and ions implanted into the first organic-inorganic hybrid matrix at a side opposite to a side adjacent the plastic support member. An amount of the ions per unit area is in a range from about 2×10.sup.13/cm.sup.2 to about 2×10.sup.14/cm.sup.2.

A roofing shingle includes an overlay sheet, an underlay sheet, and a reinforcement member. The overlay sheet includes a headlap portion and a tab portion, wherein the overlay sheet has an overlay sheet height. The underlay sheet is secured to a bottom surface of the overlay sheet such that a region of the underlay sheet overlaps a region of the headlap portion of the overlay sheet. The reinforcement material is secured to a top surface of the headlap portion of the overlay sheet, wherein the reinforcement material is configured to improve nail pull-through, wherein the reinforcement material extends beyond the overlapping regions of the headlap portion and the underlay sheet.

A thermal insulation article includes a thermally insulating pad shaped to be positioned in a cavity of a rectangular prism shipping container. The pad includes a solid compostable panel formed primarily of starch and/or plant fiber pulp that holds together as a single unit, and a water-proof or water-resistant film forming a pocket enclosing the panel. The panel includes a first section, a second section, and a third section connecting the first section to the second section, the first and second section each having a central portion and two flaps that extend from the central portion beyond the third section, and wherein the panel is foldable into an open box.

A system and method for direct and/or active detection and monitoring of civil engineering or other infrastructural structures, and in a preferred embodiment, for hydrocarbon leakage in oil and gas pipelines, storage structures, and/or transportation structures. Particularly, the system and method relate to various nanocomposite sensor coating and data gathering systems. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a single measurement sensor coating (thin film) sensor. Other embodiments relate to multiple measurement sensor coating systems. The sensor is comprised of either a discrete conductive filament layer, or a single or multiple mesh of interwoven filaments of conductive material in one direction and nonconductive material in a perpendicular direction, as a substrate coated with sensitive coating materials to form a sensor grid. Various embodiments of the sensor coating and their applications are also disclosed.

A polarizing plate and a polarizing plate-carrier film laminate are provided. A method for manufacturing a polarizing plate-carrier film laminate and a method for manufacturing a polarizing plate using the same are also provided. A polarizing plate, and an active energy ray curable composition for a polarizing plate are also provided.

A lidding film comprising oriented polyethylene bonded to non-oriented polyethylene is disclosed. The oriented polyethylene may comprise a plurality of layers and the non-oriented polyethylene may comprise a plurality of layers, wherein the oriented polyethylene is bonded to the non-oriented polyethylene by extrusion coating or by a laminating adhesive. The oriented polyethylene comprises machine direction oriented polyethylene (MDO PE) or biaxially oriented polyethylene (BOPE). The lidding film may comprise from 1 to 15 wt. % of a polymer other than polyethylene, preferably the lidding film comprises no more than 5 wt. % of a polymer other than polyethylene. Also disclosed is a sealed container comprising a lidding film according to the invention and a polymer tray wherein the lidding film is heat sealed to the top edge of the polymer tray via the non-oriented polyethylene, thereby enclosing a product within a recess defined by the polymer tray. Also disclosed is a method of producing a lidding film.

A water-based adhesive for the manufacture of laminated cellulosic boards includes monolayer graphene oxide as a glue enhancer. Laminated cellulosic boards may be obtained by providing cellulosic plies, applying a water-based adhesive, and contacting the surface of another cellulosic ply to the first cellulosic ply. A method for producing the water-based adhesive includes mixing starch, water and glue enhancer. The glue enhancer is a suspension of between 0.1 wt % and 0.001 wt % of monolayer graphene oxide in water.

The present disclosure provides an outer packing material for vacuum insulation material comprising a thermally weldable film; a resin layer including at least one of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer and polyvinyl alcohol; and a gas barrier film including a resin base material, and an inorganic film placed on at least one main surface of the resin base material, wherein the resin layer is placed between the thermally weldable film and the gas barrier film, a water vapor permeability of the outer packing material for vacuum insulation material is 0.03 g/(m.sup.2.Math.day) or less, and a metal layer is not placed in the outer packing material for vacuum insulation material.

The present invention relates to a water-repellent film having frost resistance, including a hygroscopic layer provided on or above a substrate, and a water-repellent layer provided on or above the hygroscopic layer, in which the water-repellent layer contains a water-repellent layer substrate and a water-repellent component attached to the water-repellent layer substrate.

A laminate comprises a wicking fabric and a polymeric film adhered to both sides of the wicking fabric, wherein the wicking fabric comprises a plurality of holes, the polymeric films on both sides of the wicking fabric are fused together at each hole, and the laminate functions as an air barrier when measured in accordance with ASTM E2178-13, and allows the passage of liquid water as per ASTM E2273-18.