An anisotropic conductive film has a three-layer structure in which a first connection layer is sandwiched between a second connection layer and a third connection layer that each are formed mainly of an insulating resin. The first connection layer has a structure in which conductive particles are arranged in a single layer in the plane direction of an insulating resin layer on a side of the second connection layer, and the thickness of the insulating resin layer in central regions between adjacent ones of the conductive particles is smaller than that of the insulating resin layer in regions in proximity to the conductive particles.

A transparent conductive film (10) that has a substrate (14) having a surface (14a, 14b), a nanowire layer (12, 12a) over one or more portions of the surface (14a, 14b) of the substrate (14), and a conductive layer (16, 16a) on the portions comprising the nanowire layer (12, 12a), the conductive layer (16, 16a) comprising carbon nanotubes (CNT) and a binder.

A retroreflective article including a binder layer and a plurality of retroreflective elements. Each retroreflective element includes a transparent microsphere partially embedded in the binder layer. At least some of the retroreflective elements include a reflective layer that is a locally-laminated reflective layer that is embedded between the transparent microsphere and the binder layer. At least some of the locally-laminated reflective layers may be localized reflective layers.

An anisotropic conductive film has a three-layer structure in which a first connection layer is sandwiched between a second connection layer and a third connection layer that each are formed mainly of an insulating resin. The first connection layer has a structure in which conductive particles are arranged in a single layer in the plane direction of an insulating resin layer on a side of the second connection layer, and the thickness of the insulating resin layer in central regions between adjacent ones of the conductive particles is smaller than that of the insulating resin layer in regions in proximity to the conductive particles.

Systems and methods for radiative cooling and heating are provided. For example, systems for radiative cooling can include a top layer including one or more polymers, where the top layer has high emissivity in at least a portion of the thermal spectrum and an electromagnetic extinction coefficient of approximately zero, absorptivity of approximately zero, and high transmittance in at least a portion of the solar spectrum, and further include a reflective layer including one or more metals, where the reflective layer has high reflectivity in at least a portion of the solar spectrum.

A transparent conductive film (10) that has a substrate (14) having a surface (14a, 14b), a nanowire layer (12, 12a) over one or more portions of the surface (14a, 14b) of the substrate (14), and a conductive layer (16, 16a) on the portions comprising the nanowire layer (12, 12a), the conductive layer (16, 16a) comprising carbon nanotubes (CNT) and a binder.

A composite article comprises an article presenting a surface and a thermally expandable composition disposed on the surface of the article. The thermally expandable composition comprises (a) from about 35 to about 65 percent by weight of a polyolefin resin; (b) from about 2 to about 15 percent by weight of a thermoplastic resin; (c) from about 1 to about 6 percent by weight of a curing agent suitable for cross-linking the polyolefin resin (a); (d) from about 15 to about 45 percent by weight of filler; and (e) from about 1 to about 10 percent by weight of a chemical blowing agent which is activated at an activation temperature, each based on the total weight of the thermally expandable composition. Methods of preparing and using the composite article, and an assembly formed from the composite article, are also disclosed.

This disclosure relates generally to composite polymer product applications. In one embodiment, a composite polymer flooring tile is disclosed, comprising: a core layer; a print layer applied to a surface of the core layer, the print layer including a decorative design; a wear layer applied to a surface of the print layer; a primer layer applied to a surface of the wear layer; a sanding layer applied to a surface of the primer layer, wherein the sanding layer includes a surface smoothened by sandblasting; an abrasive layer applied to the smoothened surface of the sanding layer, the abrasive layer including wear resistant particles; and a gloss layer applied to a surface of the abrasive layer; wherein a gloss level of the tile is at least 90% at 60° as measured according to ASTM D523 and EN 16094; and wherein the tile meets EPLF abrasion criteria (“AC”) rating of at least AC3.

A laminated glass according to the present invention includes a first glass plate, a second glass plate, and an interlayer film. The interlayer film includes a laminated region including a first layer that is in contact with the first glass plate, a second layer that is in contact with the second glass plate, and a third layer disposed between the first layer and the second layer. When the relative dielectric constant of the first glass plate is denoted by ε.sub.g1, the relative dielectric constant of the second glass plate is denoted by ε.sub.g2, the relative dielectric constant of the first layer is denoted by ε.sub.m1, the relative dielectric constant of the second layer is denoted by ε.sub.m2, and the relative dielectric constant of the third layer is denoted by ε.sub.m3, relationships ε.sub.m1<ε.sub.g1, ε.sub.m1<ε.sub.g2, ε.sub.m2<ε.sub.g1, ε.sub.m2<ε.sub.g2, ε.sub.m3>ε.sub.m1, ε.sub.m3>ε.sub.m2 are established.

A panel for forming a floor covering has a substrate including at least a layer of thermoplastic material, where the panel, above the layer, has at least also a printed decor and a translucent or transparent wear layer. The layer also includes at least individual fibers having a length greater than 1 millimeter, where the individual fibers are loose and freely distributed with the layer of thermoplastic material.