An optically anisotropic layer is formed by a liquid crystal compound represented by General Formula 1, in which the long axes of the molecules are oriented. ##STR00001##
wherein L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 independently represent a linking group having a carbonyl group; F.sub.1 and F.sub.2 independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a halogen atom; n and m independently represent an integer from 0 to 4; a and b independently represent an integer from 1 to 4; T.sub.1 and T.sub.2 independently represent a spacer portion including a straight chain or branched alkylene or alkylene oxide group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms; and Ar represents a divalent group having at least one aromatic ring selected from a group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbon rings and aromatic heterocycles, the number of Π electrons in the Ar group being 8 or greater.

An impact energy dissipating fabric system includes a strike-face layer formed using a Z-axis flock fiber reinforced Organic Polymer Laminar Composite (OPLC), an energy absorbing core media layer attached adjacent the strike-face layer and formed using Foam Impregnated Flocked (FIF) layers and an Against The Body (ATB) Layers including Flocked Energy Absorbing Material (FEAM) attached adjacent to the energy absorbing core media layer and the layers are disposed on one another and coupled together with an adhesive, sewing or quilting.

Provided are a laminate, a circuit board, and a liquid crystal polymer (LCP) film comprised therein. The laminate comprises a metal foil and an LCP film. The LCP film in the laminate has a dissipation factor before water absorption (Df′.sub.0), a dissipation factor after water absorption (Df′.sub.1), and a relative percentage difference between dissipation factors (ΔDf′), which is calculated by the following equation: $\Delta {\mathrm{Df}}^{\prime }\left(\%\right)=\frac{.Math.{\mathrm{Df}}_1^{\prime }-{\mathrm{Df}}_0^{\prime }.Math.}{{\mathrm{Df}}_0^{\prime }}\times 100\%;$
wherein ΔDf′ may be less than or equal to 16%. By controlling ΔDf′ of the LCP film in the laminate, the insertion loss of a circuit board comprising a laminate during signal transmission in low-, medium-, and/or high-frequency bands is decreased and/or inhibited. In addition, the difference between the insertion losses of signal transmission before and after water absorption is decreased, so the laminate is suitable for high-end or outdoor high-frequency electronic products.

A light emitting device can further improve light extraction efficiency. A method of manufacturing such a light emitting device can also prove advantageous. The light emitting device includes a light emitting element, a light-transmissive member which is disposed on a light extracting surface side of the light emitting element, and a reflecting layer disposed on an element bonding surface of the light transmissive member where the light emitting element is disposed and adjacent to the light emitting element. The light-transmissive member, in a plan view, has a planar dimension greater than the light extracting surface of the light emitting element.

The present invention is a laminate: with which differences in the thermal expansion coefficient at interfaces between different materials in the interior of a semiconductor element or the like can be kept small; which has high heat resistance; and which has high thermal conductivity. This laminate is provided with at least two layers of thermal expansion-controlling members, the thermal expansion-controlling members including a thermally conductive first inorganic filler joined to one end of a first coupling agent, and a thermally conductive second inorganic filler joined to one end of a second coupling agent; the other end of the first coupling agent and the other end of the second coupling agent are respectively joined to a polymerizable compound, or joined to one another; and the thermal expansion-controlling members have thermal expansion coefficients that are respectively different.

An improved functional element having electrically controllable optical properties includes a stack sequence formed of a first carrier film, a first surface electrode, an active layer, a second surface electrode, and a second carrier film, wherein the second carrier film is folded around the edge of the first carrier film at least at one side edge and seals an exit surface of the active layer at the side edge.

A resin multilayer substrate includes a laminate including resin layers including a first resin layer and a second resin layer that are laminated, a via conductor in the first resin layer, and a joint portion that includes at least a portion in the second resin layer and is joined to the via conductor. The joint portion is more brittle than the via conductor. A linear expansion coefficient of the second resin layer is larger than a linear expansion coefficient of the via conductor and a linear expansion coefficient of the joint portion, and is smaller than a linear expansion coefficient of the first resin layer.

A laminate which has a phase difference layer and has excellent thermal durability; a liquid crystal display device; and an organic electroluminescent device. The laminate is a laminate having two substrates, and a polarizing plate disposed between the two substrates, in which the polarizing plate has a polarizer and a phase difference layer, the phase difference layer is a layer formed of a composition containing a reciprocal wavelength dispersible liquid crystal compound, one of the two substrates is a glass substrate having a Na.sub.2O content of 5% by mass or less, and the other of the two substrates is a glass substrate having a Na.sub.2O content of 5% by mass or less, an inorganic compound film having a moisture permeability of 10.sup.−3 g/m.sup.2.Math.day or less and a thickness of less than 1 μm, or an organic-inorganic hybrid film having a moisture permeability of 10.sup.−3 g/m.sup.2.Math.day or less.

This application relates to a touch screen and its preparation method as well as touch control apparatus. This application also relates to the field of touch screen lamination. The touch screen provided by the application comprises a display panel, a touch control panel, and a frame disposed between the display panel and the touch control panel; a cavity is formed by the frame together with the display panel and the touch control panel; and the cavity is filled with a non-solid medium. In the touch control screen, non-solid medium is used to replace the existing waterborne adhesive. On the one hand, non-solid medium can reduce gaps during lamination, and achieve a perfect lamination between the touch control panel and the display panel, thereby obtaining better display effect. On the other hand, non-solid medium has much lower cost than waterborne adhesive, thereby significantly reducing production costs.

Provided are an LCP film and a laminate comprising the same. The LCP film is made of an LCP resin comprising a structural unit represented by Formula (1): -L.sub.1-Ar-L.sub.2- (1), wherein -L.sub.1- and -L.sub.2- are respectively —O— or —CO—; —Ar— is an arylene group. Formula (1) comprises structural units

##STR00001##

Based on a total molar number of the structural unit represented by Formula (1), a molar number of the structural unit represented by Formula (I) is in the range from 15 mole % to 40 mole %, and a sum of molar numbers of the structural units represented by Formulae (I) and (II) is in the range from 80 mole % to 100 mole %. The LCP film has a thickness and a transmittance, wherein when values of the thickness (in μm) and the transmittance are put into Formula (III), the obtained value is from 0.055 to 0.090. Formula (III): Log(1/TT %)/(Thickness).sup.0.5.