A method for producing a multi-layered wet friction material includes providing a bottom layer, providing a top layer produced independently of the bottom layer from different materials, and bonding the bottom layer to the top layer. The bottom layer and the top layer may be produced from different formulations and supplied as raw papers. A formulation of the top layer may include twenty to sixty percent (20%-60%) filler, ten to forty percent (10%-40%) wood pulp, five to ten percent (5%-10%) aramid, and twenty-five to thirty-five percent (25%-35%) phenolic resin. A formulation of the bottom layer may include ten to fifty percent (10%-50%) filler, ten to forty percent (10%-40%) wood pulp, five to ten percent (5%-10%) aramid, five to fifteen percent (5%-15%) carbon, and twenty-five to thirty-five percent (25%-35%) phenolic resin.

Embodiments disclosed herein relate to composite laminate structures including a polymer layer having sp.sup.2 carbon-containing material and improved heat release properties, and methods of making the same.

A coating architecture is disclosed that includes a substrate having a surface finish R.sub.a of 0.3μ or finer, an intermediate layer overlying and in contact with the substrate; and a solid lubricant layer overlying and in contact with the intermediate layer. The test results of applying the coating architecture to a reciprocating hammer drill utilizing the coating is also disclosed.

A thermoplastic composite article comprising a porous core layer and an open cell skin disposed on a first surface of the core layer is described. The composite article comprises a noise reduction coefficient of at least 0.5 as tested by ASTM C423-17 and a flame spread index of less than 25 and a smoke development index of less than 150 as tested by ASTM E84 dated 2009.

Apparatus, systems, and methods for forming semiconductor materials (e.g., using nanofabrication) are generally described. In one example, a method comprises formation of a carbon buffer layer on a first substrate and a graphene layer on the carbon buffer layer by silicon sublimation, followed by removing the graphene layer so as to expose the carbon buffer layer and form a fabrication platform.

Techniques are described for transferring nanofiber forests using transfer films that either lack a conventional adhesive at the substrate-nanofiber forest interface or that include a diffusion barrier that prevents diffusion of adhesive molecules (or other polymer molecules mobile at ambient temperatures) into the nanofiber forest. These techniques can be applied to single layer nanofiber forests or stacks of multiple nanofiber forest. By selecting the bond strength between the nanofiber forest and the transfer films, the nanofibers can be aligned in a common direction that includes, but is not limited to, perpendicular to a substrate or transfer film.

A laminate composite structure having at least one tubular region and at least one bonded region. The structure has a first composite layer, a second composite layer, a cavity, and one or more reinforcing fibers. Each composite layer comprises composite material with a top face and a bottom face opposite the top face. The top face of one is joined to the bottom face of the other along an interlaminar region. The cavity separates the bottom face and the top face to form a tube. The tube has an internal boundary defined by the bottom face and the top face. The reinforcing fibers line the internal boundary and are arranged so that the reinforcing fibers reduce the propensity of the composites layer to separate under internal pressure loading.

A method of forming a gas diffusion layer includes causing, at least in part, a stack of layers to be arranged between compressing surfaces of a press, the stack of layers including a plurality of gas diffusion layers. The method also includes causing, at least in part, the press to apply one or more compression cycles to the stack of layers to reduce a combined, uncompressed thickness of the plurality of gas diffusion layers between about 2% and about 30%.

A method for coating a wall with a metallic surface layer, the wall including an outer wall layer formed from or including a plastic material or a fiber composite material, the method comprising: in a first step providing a wall base body formed by the outer wall layer; therafter in a second step bonding the outer wall layer to an intermediate layer formed from or including a fiber composite material to form the wall to be coated, wherein fibers of the fiber composite material of the intermediate layer include a metallic surface, wherein fibers of the fiber composite material of the intermediate layer connected to the outer wall layer include a non-metallic fiber core coated with a metal or a metal alloy; and thereafter in a third step coating the wall with the metallic surface layer on a surface of the intermediate layer facing away from the outer wall layer.

An embodiment relates to a multilayer graphite sheet with excellent electromagnetic shielding capability and thermal conductivity, and a manufacturing method therefor, wherein the multilayer graphite sheet has a multilayer structure of five or more layers in total and can be manufactured to have a thick thickness of 70 μm or more such that the electromagnetic shielding capability can be significantly improved. In addition, the multilayer graphite sheet is manufactured by graphitizing a hybrid laminate in which heterogeneous materials are mixed such that thermal conductivity and electromagnetic shielding capability can be simultaneously realized at a lower cost, thereby being useful as a thick film sheet which used in various applications such as home appliances and electric vehicles.