According to an embodiment of the present invention, a conductive membrane transfer sheet including a first release sheet and a conductive membrane is provided. The first release sheet includes a liquid-permeable sheet. The conductive membrane includes a conductive fiber supported on a first major surface of the first release sheet. The first release sheet and the conductive membrane contain a first liquid.

A laminated material includes a first base material, and a sheet material laminated on and integrated with a surface of this first base material. The first base material is made of a material selected from the group consisting of a biomass material, a plastic, a metal, a ceramic, a glass, a molded pulp, and a paper. The sheet material is substantially made of a plant-derived component. The sheet material has an absorption peak in a region of 1715 to 1725 cm.sup.1 in an infrared absorption spectrum. The sheet material can be produced by removing a liquid component from a lignocellulose solution produced by dissolving a plant raw material in an organic acid. A laminated material is produced by laminating the sheet material on a surface of the first base material, and thermocompression-bonding the sheet material and the first base material.

A novel aluminum-free humidity-regulating lining paper for cigarettes and a preparation method thereof are provided, where the lining paper comprises a base paper layer, a dense barrier layer, a hydrophobic functional layer, and a composite humidity-regulating layer. The dense barrier layer contains polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and glycerol, the hydrophobic functional layer includes calcium stearate, a silane coupling agent (SCA), nanocellulose, and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and the composite humidity-regulating layer comprises sodium alginate, nanoporous calcium silicate (NCS), glycerol, and hyaluronic acid. The hydrophobic functional layer, formed within a CMC matrix with nanocellulose as a physical cross-linking agent, benefits from a hydrophobic synergistic effect of calcium stearate and the SCA, providing hydrophobicity and barrier capacity without compromising the barrier properties of the PVA-based dense barrier layer under high humidity. Moreover, the lining paper achieves dynamic humidity control through the water-locking and moisturizing effect of hyaluronic acid and moisture-related properties of NCS.

An apparatus for producing absorbent bed pads or absorbent pet mats, of the type having an absorbent core with a support layer and a plurality of absorbent fibres arranged on a first surface of the support layer. The apparatus includes a deposition station with a conveyor belt movable along an advancing direction and configured to support a support layer strip, a deposition device configured to deposit the plurality of absorbent fibres on a deposition surface of the support layer strip and a pair of cover members arranged between the deposition device and the conveyor belt and configured to be arranged above opposite longitudinal flaps of the support layer strip. A method that can be carried out by the apparatus.

A multilayer product is disclosed. The multi-layer product may include a cellulose fiber-based base layer and a barrier layer. The barrier layer may include at least 10% (w/w) of hydrolysed cellulose fibers.

A vacuum-insulated structure can have one or more internal cells, one or more foam cores, and an enveloping structure. Each foam core can be formed from a plant material. Each foam core can be disposed within a respective one of the cells. The enveloping structure can seal each foam core within the respective cell at a pressure less than atmospheric pressure.

A multi-layered product having an embossed interior layer is disclosed along with a method of making the product. The multi-layered product has a first layer with an interior surface, a second layer with an interior surface, and a third layer sandwiched between the first and second layers. The third layer has a first surface and a second surface and has a thickness therebetween. The third layer is embossed into a waffle pattern having a plurality of protrusions and a plurality of recesses. Each of the plurality of protrusions and recesses is adjacently aligned and horizontally offset from one another. The plurality of protrusions forms a horizontal plane, at the first surface, which is positioned above a horizontal plane formed by the plurality of recesses, at the first surface. The product also has an adhesive which secures the three layers together.

A method for connecting insulation panels, each of the panels comprising a cellulosic web having two sides and an outside edge, and comprising layers of cellulosic fibers, the method comprising: arranging a portion of each panel to be adjacent to the other, thereby forming an edge portion where the two webs can be connected; relaxing the fibers of cellulosic material in the edge portion of each insulation panel by applying heat to the edge portion at a temperature of 150 F. to 450 F., thereby forming a relaxed fiber edge portion;
compressing the relaxed fiber edge portion of each insulation panel at a pressure of at least 5 psig, thereby forming a compressed panel portion having a thickness and a density; and
fastening the compressed panel portions together using sewing, riveting, adhesive, tape, interlacing, stamping, ply bonding or stapling thereby forming a fastened area, wherein step (c) can be conducted at the same time or following step (b).

A thermoplastic film and a thermoplastic bag made therefrom are provided. The thermoplastic film includes a surface and a water-soluble polymer zone disposed on and in contact with the surface. The water-soluble polymer zone includes a freshening active, a water-soluble, film-forming polymer, and a surfactant.