A wafer has a layer containing silicon, a layer of polycrystalline diamond deposited on the silicon-containing layer, and a bow-compensation layer on the other side of the silicon-containing layer for reducing wafer-bow. A method of making a bonded structure includes an activation process for creating dangling bonds on the surface of one substrate, followed by contact-bonding the surface to a second substrate at low temperature. A bonded structure may include two substrates contact bonded to each other, one substrate including a layer containing silicon, a layer of polycrystalline diamond, a bow-compensation layer for reducing wafer-bow of the first substrate, and the other substrate including gallium nitride, silicon carbide, lithium niobate, lithium tantalate, gallium arsenide, indium phosphide, or another suitable material other than diamond.

Objects are to provide a projection-image-displaying laminate film that enables, when used for, for example, a HUD, displaying of undistorted projection images of high-quality screen images, a laminated glass using the projection-image-displaying laminate film, and an image display system using the laminated glass. The objects are achieved with a projection-image-displaying laminate film including a half-mirror film including a selective reflection layer configured to wavelength-selectively reflect light, and a heat-sealing layer disposed on one surface of the half-mirror film, wherein the half-mirror film has a stiffness at 25? C. of 4.0 N.Math.mm or less, and the heat-sealing layer has a thickness of 40 ?m or less, contains a thermoplastic resin, and has a surface opposite from the half-mirror film, the surface having a static coefficient of friction of 1.0 or less.

A method of metallizing a surface of a structure, and in some embodiments a mirror produced by such method, by the steps of providing a composite support structure; providing a release liner including a metallic layer having a thickness between 1 and 5 microns on a surface thereof; situating the release liner against the surface of the composite support structure so that the metallic layer of the release liner is placed in direct, physical contact with the surface of the support structure; and removing the release liner so that the metallic layer remains attached to the surface of the support structure.

A birefringent polyester film includes naphthalate units, ethylene units, a titanate compound, a planar branching unit, and 1 to 80 ppm metal content. The birefringent polyester film has an out-of-plane birefringence of at least 0.1 at 633 nm.

The invention provides a cured product (for example, a film including the cured product) which has an excellent balance between hydrophilicity and abrasion resistance, can retain high hydrophilicity even when washed with water, and can remain hydrophilic and resistant to the attachment of (or can be easily cleaned of) contaminants even when subjected to long storage or heating, and a composition which can give such cured products. A cured product is obtained by curing a composition which includes a copolymer (i) including structural units represented by specific chemical formulae, and an amino resin (ii).

The present invention provides a mirror surface decorative sheet having excellent specularity, excellent surface properties, and excellent processability in which neither springback nor cracking occurs during the processing steps, and a mirror surface decorative plate using this mirror surface decorative sheet. The present invention relates to a mirror surface decorative sheet comprising at least a base sheet and a surface-protecting layer, and having a crack elongation as measured by a predetermined method of 10 to 20%, the base sheet being formed of a polypropylene resin, the base sheet having a thickness of 150 to 500 ?m, and the base sheet having a ten-point mean roughness (Rzjis) of a surface as measured according to JIS B 0601: 2001 of 5 ?m or less, the surface-protecting layer being a cured product of an ionizing radiation-curable resin composition, the surface-protecting layer having a thickness of 7 to 17 ?m.

An anti-fogging and anti-fouling laminate, including: a substrate; and an anti-fogging and anti-fouling layer on the substrate where a surface of the anti-fogging and anti-fouling layer is flat, wherein the anti-fogging and anti-fouling layer is a cured product obtained by curing an active energy ray curable resin composition through an active energy ray, wherein the active energy ray curable resin composition includes a hydrophilic monomer having a radically polymerizable unsaturated group and a photopolymerization initiator, wherein a content of the hydrophilic monomer having a radically polymerizable unsaturated group in the active energy ray curable resin composition is 60% by mass or more, and wherein a surface of the anti-fogging and anti-fouling layer has a pure water contact angle of 90 or more.

The present invention provides a polymerizable composition containing at least two types of polymerizable compounds represented by Formula (I),

##STR00001## in the formula, A represents a phenylene group or a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, L represents OC(O), OC(O)O, and the like, m represents 3 to 12, Sp.sup.1 and Sp.sup.2 represent a linking group, and Q.sup.1 and Q.sup.2 represent a polymerizable group, and the like, in which in a case where a number obtained by dividing the number of trans-1,4-cyclohexylene groups by m is set to mc, mc's for the two types of polymerizable compounds are different from each other, at least one of the two types of the polymerizable compounds satisfies 0.5<mc<0.7, and at least the other of the two types of the polymerizable compounds satisfies 0.5<mc; and a polymerizable compound in which m in Formula (I) is 6 to 12. It is possible to provide a film such as a low birefringence phase difference film or a reflection film having high selectivity in a reflection wavelength range by using the polymerizable composition.

A compact head-worn display with multiply folded optics providing displayed images overlaid onto a see-through view of a surrounding environment includes a solid prism of a first material with an angled planar surface to fold an optical axis and one or more surfaces that provide optical power, one or more additional lens elements with optical power made of a second material that is different from the material of the solid prism, an image source that provides image light associated with the displayed images, a combiner that folds the optical axis and directs the image light toward a user's eye and wherein the multiply folded optics provide a more compact head-worn display and the first and second materials are selected to reduce a lateral color in the displayed images.

A method of manufacturing a thin film is provided. The method includes providing a plurality of crystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide particles, size-reducing the crystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide particles by grinding to produce crystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide nanostructures, and coating the crystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide nanostructures onto a substrate to produce a thin film. An electrochromic multi-layer stack is also provided.