An energy efficient film comprising of first and second substrate layers and microstructures positioned between the first and second substrates is provided. The microstructures are positioned between the first and second structures such that a vacuum environment is created between the first and second substrates. In one embodiment, the insulating film includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a plurality of microstructures positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate, such that a vacuum environment is created between the first and second substrates and within each microstructure cell, individually. Preferably, the plurality of microstructures is a polygonal cellular network positioned between a first transparent substrate and a second transparent substrate. A gasket may be provided on one or both of the first or second substrates. The gasket may also be provided on outer edges of the first and/or the second substrate.

The present disclosure relates to a method of manufacturing a curved joined glass sheet having excellent optical quality by adjusting a radius of curvature of a curved thick glass sheet and a radius of curvature of a curved thin glass sheet. The method includes preparing a curved thick glass sheet having a first radius of curvature, manufacturing a curved thin glass sheet having a second radius of curvature by heating and molding a flat plate thin glass sheet, providing a joining film or an adhesive agent between a concave surface of the curved thick glass sheet and a convex surface of the curved thin glass sheet, and elastically deforming the curved thin glass sheet to join the elastically deformed curved thin glass sheet so as to match with the concave surface of the curved thick glass sheet.

There are provided an interlayer for laminated glass having a multilayer structure, capable of sufficiently suppressing generation of air bubbles and increase of area of air bubbles when the interlayer is made into a laminated glass. The interlayer for laminated glass includes alternately laminated at least one skin layer and two or more core layers, the skin layer having a storage modulus of 1.0×10.sup.6 Pa or more measured by a dynamic viscoelasticity test under conditions of a frequency of 1 Hz, a swing angle gamma of 0.01% and a temperature of 20° C., and the core layers having a storage modulus of less than 1.0×10.sup.6 Pa, wherein a value of a product of a value obtained by averaging thicknesses (mm) of the respective core layers and a thickness (mm) of the whole interlayer for laminated glass is 0.15 or more.

A process for optimizing the manufacture of decorative multilayer coatings for attachment to surfaces, including using a roll-to-roll printer to print a decorative layer on a surface of a film layer, wherein the decorative layer includes cutting lines and a first indication, using a curable roller coater to coat a layer on the surface above the print layer, using a laminator to laminate a mask over the print layer, using a cutter to cut the print layer into a cut print, and entering the cut print layer into a line printer to read the first indication and print a second indication on the cut print.

An object of the present invention is to provide a laminate having a fiber layer comprising ultrafine cellulose fibers and a resin layer, wherein the two layers have more excellent adhesion properties. The present invention relates to a laminate having at least one fiber layer comprising cellulose fibers with a fiber width of 1000 nm or less, and at least one resin layer that is contacted with one surface of the fiber layer, wherein the resin layer has an adhesion aid.

A laminated pane having at least one integrated electrical attachment part, includes an inner pane having an inner side and an outer side, an outer pane having an inner side and an outer side, a thermoplastic intermediate layer, which joins the inner side of the outer pane and the inner side of the inner pane to one another, and at least one recess in the inner pane and/or the outer pane, wherein the electrical attachment part is inserted into the recess and is situated completely within the laminated pane, the laminated pane is a vehicle laminated pane having a three-dimensional bend, and the recess is introduced into the inner pane and/or the outer pane by laser processes.

It is now possible to economically produce, in series production, automotive glazing that has complex small radii feature lines (30). Such feature lines (30) are desirable as they can improve the stiffness of the glazing as well as contribute to the overall aesthetic and differentiation of the vehicle, allowing body lines to blend into and continue in the glazing. However, traditional automotive laminating methods do not lend themselves well to this type of product. Typically, the offset between the mating surfaces of the laminate must be very uniform. Such uniformity is difficult to achieve when producing small radii features. Rather than bending multiple layers with small radii feature lines that can be nested and subsequently laminated using standard plastic automotive interlayers, the invention makes use of a two part method for laminating, a dry lamination process and a wet lamination process, which requires only that the feature lines (30) be present in the outer glass layer (201).

A light transmissive substrate having a coating is disclosed. The coating is formed of an adhesion promoter that includes a metal, a metal oxide, or a metal nitride. A laminate including a coated substrate is also disclosed. A method of coating a substrate is further disclosed.

The present vehicle includes a projection device installed in the vehicle; and a laminated glass configured to transmit a light beam emitted from the projection device to a vehicle exterior side. The laminated glass includes a vehicle-interior-side glass plate; a vehicle-exterior-side glass plate; an interlayer bonding the vehicle-interior-side glass plate and the vehicle-exterior-side glass plate; and a scattering layer arranged between the vehicle-exterior-side glass plate and the vehicle-interior-side glass plate, and in contact with the interlayer, the scattering layer being configured to be irradiated with the light beam. A relationship between visible light transmittance Tv (%) of the laminated glass and an angle of incidence θ (degrees) to the scattering layer of each ray included in the light beam incident on the scattering layer satisfies Formula (1) described in the description.

The present disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing highly reliable plastic glazing by forming a high hardness coating layer. The method for manufacturing plastic glazing includes: a base material layer supply step of supplying base material layer made of polycarbonate (PC) resin; an adhesive supply step of applying an adhesive to at least one side of the base material layer; a coating film supply step of seating a coating film on an upper side of the adhesive applied to the base material layer; and an attaching step of pressing the supplied coating film and of attaching to the base material layer. Through such a manufacturing method, there is an effect of improving the scratch resistance, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, and light resistance by forming the high hardness coating layer in the base material layer made of PC.