A printing press includes at least one printing unit having at least one nozzle bar with at least two print heads and at least one cleaning device. Each nozzle bar is assigned at least one cleaning device. The at least one cleaning device includes at least one cleaning element. The at least one cleaning element is arranged to be movable in, and counter to a cleaning direction. The at least one cleaning element has at least one fluid infeed opening and at least one fluid discharge and at least one fluid extraction device.

An image processing method, an apparatus, a program, and an image forming apparatus capable of suppressing an artifact in a boundary part of a threshold value matrix and performing high-quality correction even in a case where defective recording elements are concentrated are provided. An image processing method according to an aspect of the present invention includes performing correction of suppressing visibility of an image defect using recording elements around a defective recording element of a recording head by disabling the defective recording element, and performing quantization of data of an image, in which processing of the quantization includes applying a first threshold value matrix to a first image region that is separated by more than a first distance from a defective image region, applying a second threshold value matrix to a second image region separated by less than the first distance, and applying a third threshold value matrix to a third image region at a boundary between the first image region and the second image region.

There is provided a printing apparatus including an obtaining unit configured to obtain print data in which in imposition image data in which one or more images are imposed in a print region, a code for identifying each image in the imposition image data is embedded; a determination unit configured to determine an ink color to be used to print the code by excluding an ink color satisfying a predetermined condition from candidates for the ink color to be used to print the code; and a print control unit configured to print the code based on the print data obtained by the obtaining unit using a plurality of nozzle arrays for the ink color determined by the determination unit.

Printing system including at least a first and a second print head in which the printing system is configured in such a way that the first and second print heads can be adjusted actuator-based with respect to a printing medium by positioning and orienting using an adjustment actuator The printing system includes at least one adjustment actuator less than the number of print heads provided in the printing system, and an auxiliary device is provided in the printing system such that with the aid thereof an operative connection of the at least one adjustment actuator with the first print head can be released and/or created, and an operative connection with the second print head can be created and/or released, preferably also actuator-based or in a pneumatic and actuator-based manner, and particularly preferably automatically.

Provided are a printing apparatus, a reading method, and a program capable of stably acquiring a high-quality read image. Provided are a printing section (102) that performs printing on a transparent base material to generate a printed matter; a reading section (40) that is disposed on one surface side of the base material and reads reflected light or transmitted light; an illumination section (122) including a reflective illumination part (122) that is disposed on the one surface side of the base material and irradiates the base material with illumination light and a transmissive illumination part (124) that is disposed on the other surface side of the base material and irradiates the base material with illumination light; an inspection information acquisition section (120) that acquires inspection information on an inspection performed on the printed matter; and an illumination control section (120) that selectively controls at least one of the reflective illumination part or the transmissive illumination part on the basis of the inspection information.

It is intended to allow whether or not a noise included in a read image is a noise due to an ink ejection failure to be more reliably determined. An image reading device includes an image reading unit that reads an image formation surface of paper by using a reducing optical system and a control unit. The image reading unit includes a plurality of read sensors disposed at positions displaced from each other in a main scanning direction. The plurality of read sensors are disposed to be able to read the image formation surface by using at least a local region of the image formation surface as a common region to be read. The control unit determines, based on a first image obtained by a first read sensor included in the plurality of read sensors and on a second image obtained by a second read sensor included in the plurality of read sensors, an amount of displacement of a noise resulting from a parallax between the first read sensor and the second read sensor and determines, based on the amount of displacement, whether or not the noise is present on the image formation surface.

In some examples, a printing press includes a support element with a circulatingly movable contact surface for contacting a printing substrate. An ink jet print head includes an ejection opening arranged to be directed at the support element. Additionally, the printing press includes a charging device that includes a charging electrode, which is arranged to be directed at the contact surface. The charging device further includes a counter-electrode, and the movable contact surface is at least partially arranged between the charging electrode and the counter-electrode of the charging device. A smallest distance between the charging electrode and the movable contact surface is greater than a smallest distance between the ejection opening of the ink jet print head and the contact surface. For example, the smallest distance between the charging electrode and the contact surface may be at least 50 mm.

A nozzle surface recovery device includes: a cap configured to cap a nozzle surface of a liquid discharge head; a guide configured to guide the cap in a first direction; and a first position adjuster configured to adjust a position of the cap with respect to the nozzle surface in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, and the first position adjuster including: a first roller rotatable along the guide to move the cap in the first direction between a capping position at which the cap caps the nozzle surface and a retraction position at which the cap is retracted from the capping position; and a first adjustment plate coupled to the first roller, the first adjustment plate configured to adjust the position of the cap with respect to the guide in the second direction.

A printed substrate, wherein a printed polymer layer is present on a surface of the substrate, is disclosed. The printed polymer layer includes a polymer selected from group consisting of one or more of polyvinyl chloride, a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, and a terpolymer of vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate and ethylene; a plasticizer; a colorant; and calcium carbonate.

A liquid ejecting head includes: a nozzle face; a filter; a downstream chamber that includes a first outlet and a second outlet for discharging the liquid, the downstream chamber being located downstream of the filter; a first flow passage that is in communication with the downstream chamber through the first outlet; a second flow passage that is in communication with the downstream chamber through the second outlet; and a common flow passage that is in communication with the first flow passage and the second flow passage, wherein, as viewed perpendicularly to the nozzle face, the first outlet is located at a position that is shifted from a center of the downstream chamber in a first direction, and the second outlet is located at a position that is shifted from the center of the downstream chamber in a second direction that is opposite of the first direction.