The present technology provides a pneumatic tire that can improve air dispersibility during vulcanizing at the interfaces of a plurality of types of rubber layers integrally formed by rolling or extruding, and that can effectively suppress blister defects. In a pneumatic tire where a plurality of types of rubber layers integrally formed by rolling or extruding, at least one strand of thread is provided at an interface of the plurality of types of rubber.

A threadlike metallic or metallized reinforcer, for example a thread, film, tape or cord made of carbon steel, at the periphery of which is positioned a layer of metal referred to as surface metal chosen from copper, nickel and copper/nickel alloys, is characterized in that this surface metal layer is itself coated, at least in part, with at least one layer of graphene; preferably, there is grafted, to this graphene, at least one functional group which can crosslink to a polymer matrix. This reinforcer of the invention is effectively protected from corrosion by virtue of the graphene present at the surface; advantageously, it can be adhesively bonded directly, without adhesion primer or addition of metal salt, to an unsaturated rubber matrix, such as natural rubber, by virtue of the possible functionalization of this graphene.

A tire including a tire frame that is formed of a resin material and has a circular form, the resin material including a thermoplastic elastomer having a hard segment and a soft segment, and a polymer compound that has the same structural unit as the structural unit of the soft segment and which is different from the thermoplastic elastomer, a content of the polymer compound in the tire frame being from 0.20 parts by mass to 2.5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic elastomer contained in the tire frame.

A tire including a tire skeleton body that is made of a resin material containing a polyamide-based thermoplastic elastomer and has a ring shape, wherein the polyamide-based thermoplastic elastomer includes a hard segment, a soft segment consisting of a constituent unit derived from polypropylene glycol, and a binding portion that binds two or more segments and that consists of a constituent unit derived from a dicarboxylic acid of from 6 to 20 carbons, the polyamide-based thermoplastic elastomer having a weight average molecular weight of from 20,000 to 250,000.

The pneumatic tire characterized by comprising the tread and the crosslinked rubber composition, of the present invention, wherein the tread and the crosslinked rubber composition comprise two or more kinds of rubber components and a filler and have a volume of the low density region of 35% or more, a volume of the void portion of 7.5 or less and a filler distribution D represented by the following formula (I) of 2.0 or less are excellent in abrasion resistance.
D=(A.sub.1/B.sub.1)/(A.sub.0/B.sub.0)(I) In the formula (I), A.sub.1 represents a volume fraction of a rubber component A in a filler gel, B.sub.1 represents a volume fraction of a rubber component B in a filler gel, A.sub.0 represents a volume fraction of a compounded rubber component A, B.sub.0 represents a volume fraction of a compounded rubber component B.

A rubber composition comprises at least one phenol-aldehyde resin based on: at least one aromatic polyphenol comprising at least one aromatic ring bearing at least two OH groups in the meta position relative to one another, the two positions ortho to at least one of the OH groups being unsubstituted; and at least one aldehyde of formula W: ##STR00001##
wherein each Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 group represents, independently of one another, an optionally substituted aromatic ring; and wherein SP is a connecting group that connects at least the Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 groups to one another, SP separating the Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 groups by at least 2 covalent bonds.

A method for producing a vehicle tire, having the following steps: a) providing textile reinforcing supports; b) providing a bath which is free of resorcin and formaldehyde by at least: b1) adding at least one carboxylic acid to water; b2) adding at least one base; b3) adding at least one epoxy compound; b4) adding at least one polyisocyanate compound; b5) adding at least one VP latex; and b6) mixing the substances from b1) to b5); c) dipping the reinforcing supports from step a) into the bath from step b); d) subsequently hot-stretching the dipped reinforcing supports from step c); and e) further processing the reinforcing supports from step d) in order to form a reinforcing support layer in a vehicle tire blank. A vehicle tire which is produced using the method and to the use of reinforcing supports treated in such a manner in technical rubber articles are also disclosed.

One embodiment of the present invention provides a rubber reinforcement material which comprises a fiber substrate, an adhesive layer disposed on the fiber substrate, a rubber compound layer disposed on the adhesive layer, and resorcinol-formaldehyde-latex (RFL), wherein the rubber compound layer has a thickness of 5 m to 200 m.

A method for preparing a modified rubber introduces a reactive group into a high-performance short fiber by irritating the short fiber by ultraviolet light, and modifies the short fiber by a coupling agent to increase the compatibility of the short fiber with a rubber matrix, and finally, utilizes the charge repulsion of sodium lauryl sulfate to effectively avoid the agglomeration of the short fibers in the rubber matrix, which is benefit for obtaining the modified rubber. The present disclosure further provides a modified rubber prepared by the method and a bulletproof and puncture resistant tire prepared by the modified rubber, wherein a buffer layer is made by the modified rubber, and at least one of a tread, a belt ply and an inner liner is made by the modified rubber, and a cord ply is woven by twisted high-performance long fibers.

A resin-metal composite member for a tire, the member including: a metal member; an adhesive layer; and a covering resin layer in this order, wherein: the adhesive layer includes a continuous phase that contains a polyester-based thermoplastic elastomer having a polar functional group, and a discontinuous phase that contains at least one of a polyphenylene ether resin or a styrene resin and contains a styrene-based elastomer having an epoxy group.