A modified conjugated diene-based polymer, including a coupling polymer, wherein a ratio of the coupling polymer, obtained by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), is 30% by mass or more and less than 70% by mass in the entire modified conjugated diene-based polymer, and a modification ratio obtained by adsorption GPC is 30% by mass or more and less than 70% by mass in the entire modified conjugated diene-based polymer, when a peak top molecular weight, obtained by the GPC, of the coupling polymer of the modified conjugated diene-based polymer is represented by Mp.sub.1 and a peak top molecular weight of a non-coupling polymer is represented by Mp.sub.2, (Mp.sub.1/Mp.sub.2)≥3.4, and a shrinking factor (g′) is less than 0.60.

According to a tire comprising a clinch apex composed of a rubber composition for a clinch apex, the rubber composition having 6.0 to 13.0 MPa of a complex elastic modulus E* at 70° C. and 1% strain (E*(70° C.)), 0.10 or less of a loss tangent tan δ at 70° C. and 1% strain (tan δ(70° C.)), and 0.07 or less of tan δ at 100° C. and 0.5% strain (tan δ(100° C.)), and satisfying Equation (1): tan δ (70° C.)/E*(70° C.)×1000≤10.0, a tire having improved low heat generation and high-speed durability can be provided, while maintaining functions as a clinch apex such as steering stability and riding comfort.

The present disclosure provides ethanol comprising an inorganic component and/or an organic component. The inorganic component may contain at least one component selected from the group consisting of: silicon having a content of 10 mg/L or more and 100 mg/L or less; chromium having a content of 0.6 mg/L or less; iron having a content of 2.0 mg/L or less; sodium having a content of 150 mg/L or more and 1000 mg/L or less; and potassium having a content of 1.0 mg/L or more and 10 mg/L or less. The organic component may contain at least one component selected from the group consisting of: aliphatic hydrocarbon having a content of 0.16 mg/L or more and 10 mg/L or less; aromatic hydrocarbon having a content of 0.4 mg/L or more and 10 mg/L or less; and dialkyl ether having a content of 0.1 mg/L or more and 100 mg/L or less.

The present invention is directed to a rubber composition comprising at least one plant based antioxidant selected from oleanolic acid and ferulic acid. The invention is further directed to a pneumatic tire comprising the rubber composition.

The present invention is directed to an article of manufacture, in one case a pneumatic tire. having at least one cord-reinforced rubber component comprising (A) a reinforcing cord; and (B) a rubber composition contacting the cord, the rubber composition comprising (1) from 70 to 100 phr of at least one polyisoprene rubber selected from the group consisting of natural rubber or synthetic polyisoprene; (2) from 0 to 30 phr of at least one additional rubber selected from the group consisting of polybutadiene and styrene-butadiene rubber; (3) from 20 to 80 phr of carbon black; (4) from 2 to 10 phr of silica; (5) from 0 to 1 phr of a cobalt salt; and (6) from 0.5 to 5 phr of N, N′-m-phenylene bismaleimide; wherein the rubber composition excludes resins and silane coupling agents.

The present invention provides a rubber composition that can exhibit excellent low heat build-up, tear strength, and durability; and a rubber composition having excellent low heat build-up, tear strength, and durability, by incorporating a compound represented by the following formula (1) or (2), or a salt of the compound.

##STR00001##

In the formula (1), R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 are the same or different, and each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or the like; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 may be taken together to form an alkylidene group, and any two of R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 may be taken together to form an alkylene group; and each of these groups may have one or more substituents.

##STR00002##

In the formula (2), R.sub.5, R.sub.7, and R.sub.8 are the same or different, and each represents a hydrogen atom or an amino group; and R.sub.6 represents an alkyl group or an aralkyl group; and each of these groups may have one or more substituents.

A tire comprises a rubber composition based on at least one elastomeric matrix mainly comprising a random copolymer comprising ethylene units and conjugated diene units, the mole fraction of the ethylene units in the copolymer being within a range extending from 50% to 95%; a peroxide; and a specific acrylate derivative.

The present invention is directed to a rubber composition comprising 100 phr of one or more diene-based elastomers, 30 phr to 200 phr of a filler, and a benzoxazine which is the reaction of (i) a diphenol comprising two phenol groups and a bridge covalently connecting the two phenol groups, (ii) an aldehyde derivative, and (iii) an amine, wherein the bridge is connected to at least one of the phenol groups at a meta position of said at least one phenol group. The present invention is also directed to a rubber product comprising such a rubber composition and the use of such rubber products in tire components.

A resin-metal composite member for a tire, the member including: a metal member; an adhesive layer; and a covering resin layer in this order, wherein: the adhesive layer includes a continuous phase containing a polyester-based thermoplastic elastomer having a polar functional group, and a discontinuous phase containing a styrene-based elastomer, and a ratio of the continuous phase with respect to an entirety of the adhesive layer is from 60% by mass to 93% by mass.

A modified conjugated diene-based polymer, including a coupling polymer, wherein a ratio of the coupling polymer, obtained by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), is 30% by mass or more and less than 70% by mass in the entire modified conjugated diene-based polymer, and a modification ratio obtained by adsorption GPC is 30% by mass or more and less than 70% by mass in the entire modified conjugated diene-based polymer, when a peak top molecular weight, obtained by the GPC, of the coupling polymer of the modified conjugated diene-based polymer is represented by Mp.sub.1 and a peak top molecular weight of a non-coupling polymer is represented by Mp.sub.2, (Mp.sub.1/Mp.sub.2)≥3.4, and a shrinking factor (g′) is less than 0.60.