Airplane tire tread (2), having an axial width L, comprises a middle part (3) having an axial width L.sub.C between 50% and 80% of L and composed of a middle rubber composition, and two lateral parts (41, 42), positioned axially on either side of middle part (3), each having an axial width (L.sub.S1, L.sub.S2) between 10% and 25% of L and each composed of a lateral rubber composition. The middle rubber composition comprises at least 50 phr of a first middle part diene elastomer (“FMPDE”), at most 70 phr of a middle part reinforcing filler (“MPRF”) and a crosslinking system. FMPDE is a terpolymer of ethylene, of an α-olefin and of a non-conjugated diene. The FLPDE lateral rubber composition of each lateral part comprises at least 50 phr of a first lateral part diene elastomer, a lateral part reinforcing filler content at least equal to the MPRF and a crosslinking system. The FLPDE is a terpolymer of ethylene, of an α-olefin and of a non-conjugated diene.

A pneumatic tire includes a belt layer and a carcass layer. A rubber composition for belts, constituting the belt layer, contains, per 100 parts by mass of a diene rubber containing a natural rubber, from 0.3 to 1.5 parts by mass of cobalt borate neodecanoate and from 4.5 to 7.0 parts by mass of sulfur. The dynamic storage modulus at 20° C. of the rubber composition for belts is from 13 to 18 MPa, and a ratio of a 100% tensile stress of the rubber composition for belts to a 100% tensile stress of a rubber composition for carcasses, constituting the carcass layer is from 1.5 to 2.5.

A catalyst composition of the present disclosure comprises: a rare earth element-containing compound (A) containing a rare earth element compound or a reaction product thereof with a Lewis base, an organic metal compound (B) of a formula: YR.sup.1.sub.aR.sup.2.sub.bR.sub.c.sup.3 [wherein Y is a metal selected from Group 1, Group 2, Group 12, and Group 13 of the periodic table, le and R.sup.2 are each a hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom, R.sup.3 is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a is 1 and b and c are 0 when Y is a metal in Group 1, a and b are 1 and c is 0 when Y is a metal in Groups 2 and 12, and a, b, and c are all 1 when Y is a metal in Group 13], and a compound having a polar functional group (C).

The present invention is directed to a non-vulcanized rubber composition which is comprised of (1) 90 phr to 100 phr cis 1,4-polyisoprene; (2) 10 phr to 40 phr of pre-silanized precipitated silica; (3) 10 phr to 40 phr of carbon black, (4) 0.1 phr to 5 phr of a cobalt salt, and (5) 1 phr to 15 phr of a resinous reaction product of a methylene donor composition and a methylene acceptor composition. Moreover, the present invention is directed to a tire or tire component comprising the cured rubber composition.

The present application provides a rubber composition as a raw material of a rubber for coating steel cords, which shows an effect of a durability improvement. The present application also provides a pneumatic tire including the rubber for coating steel cords superior in the durability. The objectives above can be solved by providing a rubber composition, including: a rubber component a filler, a vulcanization agent, a vulcanization accelerator, a resorcinol resin, and a heat-resistant crosslinking agent, wherein the rubber composition includes a cobalt salt at a content of 0.1 part by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component, as well as by providing a pneumatic tire including a rubber for coating steel cords which has been obtained by vulcanizing the rubber composition.

The present invention provides a rubber composition having reduced its odor, which can show a durability improvement effect, as well as to provide a pneumatic tire including the rubber for coating steel cords which is superior in its durability. The objectives above can be solved by providing a rubber composition, including a rubber component a filler, a vulcanization agent, a vulcanization accelerator, and a resorcinol resin, in which the resorcinol resin includes a cresol residue at a content of 0.2 mass % or less, as well as providing a pneumatic tire which has been obtained by vulcanizing the rubber composition, and in particular providing a pneumatic tire in which the rubber is a rubber for coating steel cords.

A pneumatic tire includes a rubber member A containing a sulfur and a rubber component containing 70 to 100% by mass of a hydrogenated copolymer obtained by hydrogenating an aromatic vinyl-conjugated diene copolymer, the hydrogenated copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 300,000 or more and having a hydrogenation ratio of a conjugated diene moiety of 80 mol % or more, and a rubber member B containing a rubber component containing a diene rubber and sulfur, in which the rubber member A and the rubber member B are in contact with each other, and the sulfur content of the rubber member A is 0.25 vol % or more, and the sulfur content of the rubber member B is 0.25 vol % or more, and the total content of the sulfur content of the rubber member A and the sulfur content of the rubber member B is 0.7 vol % or more.

The present invention provides a composite that has good initial adhesion and good adhesion after high temperature and high humidity aging. Provided is a composite including: a topping rubber composition having a fatty acid content of 0.8% by mass or less; and an adherend plated with a copper-containing layer.

A rubber composition based at least on a reinforcing filler comprising a carbon black and on a natural rubber is provided. The natural rubber is modified so that it carries pendent groups of formula (I) in which the symbols Y.sub.1, Y.sub.2, Y.sub.3 and Y.sub.4, which may be identical or different, represent an atom or a group of atoms. At least one of the symbols Y.sub.1, Y.sub.2, Y.sub.3 and Y.sub.4 denotes an attachment to an isoprene unit of the modified natural rubber. The carbon black represents more than 50% by weight of the reinforcing filler

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One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a tire cord including: a textile substrate, an adhesive layer disposed on the textile substrate, and a latex layer disposed on the adhesive layer, wherein the adhesive layer includes resorcinol-formaldehyde-latex (RFL), and wherein the latex layer is formed by a latex dispersion.