The present application relates to an adhesive composition including a naturally occurring acid, a nitrogen compound, and a latex; and a rubber reinforcing material and an article including the same.

The reinforcing structure for a tire is in the form of a stratified assembly formed of two layers of reinforcing strips of completely connected cross section, and flattened in shape. According to the method, the strips of each layer are laid side by side in a main direction of laying. The strips of the first layer are spaced apart by a distance that is less than the width of the strips of the second layer and in such a way that the edges of the strips of the first layer overlap the edges of the strips of the second layer. The two layers of strips are separated by a layer of uncoupling rubber.

A non-pneumatic elastic wheel (30) defining three perpendicular directions, circumferential (X), axial (Y) and radial (Z), comprises at least: —a hub (31), for example made of metal; an annular band referred to as a shear band (32) oriented in the circumferential direction (X), surmounted by a tread (33); and a plurality of support elements (34) connecting the hub (31) to the annular shear band (32). The annular shear band (32) is formed by a laminate comprising at least one layer of silicone rubber, in particular of the high temperature crosslinking type, such as, for example, a silicone rubber of VMQ or PVMQ grade, the said layer being sandwiched between two layers of fibre-resin composite comprising filaments of an inorganic substance, in particular glass, embedded in a thermoset resin such as, for example, a vinyl ester resin.

A pneumatic radial tire includes a carcass structure having a pair of sidewalls and a crown, a pair of beads, a tread, a belt structure, and a plurality of reinforcing hoops. The plurality of spaced apart reinforcing hoops are disposed intermediate the crown of the carcass structure and the tread, and are formed of a rigid material coated in an elastomeric material. The plurality of reinforcing hoops includes a pair of outer reinforcing hoops disposed adjacent the sidewalls of the carcass, and an at least one inner reinforcing hoop disposed between the outer reinforcing hoops.

The tire comprises a crown reinforcing zone comprising a ply of strips, each forming an angle of less than or equal to 10° with the circumferential direction. Each reinforcing strip is formed by a laminate made up of n inner composite layers comprising low-modulus oriented fibres parallel to each other, the angle of which with the circumferential direction is, in absolute terms, less than or equal to 10°, together with m outer composite layers on either side of the inner composite layers, comprising high-modulus oriented fibres parallel to each other, the angle of which with the circumferential direction is, in absolute terms, strictly greater than 10°. The high- and low-modulus fibres are coated with a polymer matrix.

A pneumatic tire 10 includes a pair of bead cores 12A, a carcass 18, a belt layer, and a reinforcing layer 30. The carcass 18 is formed spanning between the pair of bead cores 12A. The belt layer includes an annular resin main body 12B that is disposed at a tire diameter direction inner side of the carcass 18 and is formed of resin, and reinforcing cords 12A that extend in a tire circumference direction, are arrayed to be spaced apart in a tire width direction, and are embedded in the resin main body 12A. The reinforcing layer 30 is disposed at the tire diameter direction inner side of the belt layer, and includes fiber cords 32 that extend at an angle of at most ±45° relative to the tire width direction.

A belt layer is provided at a tire radial direction (arrow R direction) outer side of a carcass. This belt layer is structured to include a reinforcing portion and a resin portion. The reinforcing portion of the belt is formed by reinforcing cords crossing, and surfaces of the resin cords are covered by the resin portion.

The various embodiments relate to pneumatic tires including a cap ply of braided strands of yarn. Various embodiments relate to strands of yarn that are fiberglass filaments or steel. The braided strands may include a tight braid or a loose braid. Various embodiments include braids having 1 to 5 stitches per cm.

A wheel assembly may include an inner rim to be coupled to the hub of the vehicle, and an outer rim surrounding the hub. The wheel assembly may also include gas springs operatively coupled between the inner rim and the outer rim to provide a gas suspension permitting relative movement between the inner rim and the outer rim. The wheel assembly may also include tread assemblies carried by the outer rim. Each tread assembly may include a tread member support coupled to the outer rim, and spaced-apart tread members carried by the tread member support and defining a tread pattern therebetween. Each tread member may include at least one rubber layer, and at least one reinforcing layer in stacked relation.

The tire comprises a carcass ply connecting two beads via two sidewalls, the carcass ply being surmounted radially towards the outside of the tire by a crown reinforcing zone which is itself surmounted radially towards the outside of the tire by a tread, the crown reinforcing zone comprising a plurality of reinforcing strips arranged over at least one ply of strips. The strips are arranged so that they are juxtaposed and at an angle less than or equal to 15 with respect to the circumferential direction. Each reinforcing strip is made up of a laminate of at least 3 composite layers, each composite layer containing oriented fibers having a tensile modulus greater than or equal to 55 GPa, which are parallel to one another and coated in a polymer matrix.