Provided is a pneumatic tire including, on an outer surface of its sidewall portion, a decorative portion including a print layer and inner and outer layers respectively disposed on tire inner and outer sides of the print layer. When storage moduli at 25 C. of the print, inner, and outer layers are respectively defined as E1.sub.25, E2.sub.25, and E3.sub.25, E1.sub.25<E2.sub.25 and E1.sub.25<E3.sub.25 are satisfied. When storage moduli at 80 C. of the print, inner, and outer layers are respectively defined as E1.sub.80, E2.sub.80, and E3.sub.80, and storage modulus variations 1, 2, and 3 at high temperature of the print, inner, and outer layers are respectively defined as 1=|E1.sub.25E1.sub.80|/E1.sub.25, 2=|E2.sub.25E2.sub.80|/E2.sub.25, and 3=|E3.sub.25E3.sub.80|/E3.sub.25, 1<2 and 1<3, and E2.sub.25>E2.sub.80 and E3.sub.25>E3.sub.80 are satisfied.

Provided is a pneumatic tire including, on an outer surface of its sidewall portion, a decorative portion including a print layer and inner and outer layers respectively disposed on tire inner and outer sides of the print layer. When storage moduli at 25 C. of the print, inner, and outer layers are respectively defined as E1.sub.25, E2.sub.25, and E3.sub.25, E1.sub.25<E2.sub.25 and E1.sub.25<E3.sub.25 are satisfied. When storage moduli at 80 C. of the print, inner, and outer layers are respectively defined as E1.sub.80, E2.sub.80, and E3.sub.80, and storage modulus variations 1, 2, and 3 at high temperature of the print, inner, and outer layers are respectively defined as 1=|E1.sub.25E1.sub.80|/E1.sub.25, 2=|E2.sub.25E2.sub.80|/E2.sub.25, and 3=|E3.sub.25E3.sub.80|/E3.sub.25, 1<2 and 1<3, and E2.sub.25>E2.sub.80 and E3.sub.25>E3.sub.80 are satisfied.

A color rubber composition for tires according to an embodiment contains a rubber component, a pigment other than black or white, a petroleum wax, and a white filler. The petroleum wax has a normal/iso ratio (mass ratio) of 70/30 to 90/10. The carbon number distribution for iso components in the whole petroleum wax is 1.0% or less for 25 or less carbon atoms, 4.0 to 8.0% for 26 to 32 carbon atoms, 5.0 to 15.0% for 33 to 44 carbon atoms, and 1.0% or more for 45 or more carbon atoms. The carbon number distribution for normal components in the whole petroleum wax is 5.0 to 18.0% for 25 or less carbon atoms, 40.0 to 48.0% for 26 to 32 carbon atoms, 15.0 to 27.5% for 33 to 44 carbon atoms, and 2.0% or more for 45 or more carbon atoms.

A color rubber composition for tires according to an embodiment contains a rubber component, a pigment other than black or white, a petroleum wax, and a white filler. The petroleum wax has a normal/iso ratio (mass ratio) of 70/30 to 90/10. The carbon number distribution for iso components in the whole petroleum wax is 1.0% or less for 25 or less carbon atoms, 4.0 to 8.0% for 26 to 32 carbon atoms, 5.0 to 15.0% for 33 to 44 carbon atoms, and 1.0% or more for 45 or more carbon atoms. The carbon number distribution for normal components in the whole petroleum wax is 5.0 to 18.0% for 25 or less carbon atoms, 40.0 to 48.0% for 26 to 32 carbon atoms, 15.0 to 27.5% for 33 to 44 carbon atoms, and 2.0% or more for 45 or more carbon atoms.

A pneumatic includes a pair of sidewall portions. At least one of the sidewall portions is provided on an outer surface thereof with a first protruding portion arranged on an outer side in a tire radial direction and a second protruding portion arranged on a radially inner side. Both protruding portions are formed so as to be convex outward in a tire axial direction. The second protruding portion has a protruding apex surface formed of a different colored rubber material having a different color from an outer surface of the first protruding portion. A distance in the tire radial direction between an inner edge in the tire radial direction of the first protruding portion and an outer edge in the tire radial direction of the second protruding portion is 40% or more and 220% or less of a length in the tire radial direction of the second protruding portion.

A non-pneumatic tire includes an inner cylinder (6) that is attachable to an axle (15a), an outer cylinder (4) that surrounds the inner cylinder from the outside in the radial direction of the tire, and an elastically deformable connection member (3) that connects the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder to each other. A light-emitting part or a reflecting part that reflects light is provided in at least one portion of the inner cylinder, the outer cylinder, and the connection member.

An assembly (18) comprises a motorcycle tire (12) and at least one insert (16) for a sidewall of the tire (12). The insert (16) is removably fastened to the sidewall. The sidewall insert (16) comprises two free end edges arranged so that, when the tire (12) is mounted on a mounting support (14) in order to form a mounted assembly (10) and when the mounted assembly (10) is mounted on the motorcycle, the insert (16) can be mounted on and removed from the sidewall of the tire (12) without removing the mounted assembly (10) from the motorcycle. An insert (16) and a set of inserts that can be used in such an assembly (18), are disclosed together with a method for mounting an insert (16) or a set of inserts in order to form such an assembly (18).

A vehicle pneumatic tire includes a tread, ply structure, and radial carcass extending around a bead core in each bead region and extending back under the ply structure. Side wall regions are formed by a wing rubber extending from the side of the tread toward the bead region and a rim protection rubber extending from the bead region toward the wing rubber. The wing rubber is the only rubber component extending to the tread and runs in the radially outer portion of the side wall region in contact with the carcass and covers the adjacent rubber component toward the bead region by the radially inner end section of the wing rubber. The adjacent rubber component includes an end section in the covered region narrowing toward the tread, the end of which is located a distance from a base line between 45% and 70% of the height determined therefrom.

The present invention aims to provide methods for surface-modifying a rubber vulcanizate or a thermoplastic elastomer, which can cost-effectively impart a variety of functions, such as sliding properties or biocompatibility, according to the application. The present invention relates to a method for surface-modifying an object of a rubber vulcanizate or a thermoplastic elastomer, the method including: step 1 of forming polymerization initiation points A on the surface of the object; and step 2 of radically polymerizing a non-functional monomer, starting from the polymerization initiation points A, to grow non-functional polymer chains, and further radically polymerizing a fluorine-containing functional monomer to grow fluorine-containing functional polymer chains.

The present invention aims to provide methods for surface-modifying a rubber vulcanizate or a thermoplastic elastomer, which can cost-effectively impart a variety of functions, such as sliding properties or biocompatibility, according to the application. The present invention relates to a method for surface-modifying an object of a rubber vulcanizate or a thermoplastic elastomer, the method including: step 1 of forming polymerization initiation points A on the surface of the object; and step 2 of radically polymerizing a non-functional monomer, starting from the polymerization initiation points A, to grow non-functional polymer chains, and further radically polymerizing a fluorine-containing functional monomer to grow fluorine-containing functional polymer chains.