A bias tire includes two or more carcass layers, at least one belt disposed outward from the carcass layers in a tire radial direction, a reinforcing rubber layer disposed between carcass plies included in a carcass layer of the carcass layers. A belt width of a widest belt with the widest width of the belts is 110% or more and 150% or less of a tread developed width, and a position of an upper end portion of the reinforcing rubber layer located outward in the tire radial direction is apart 3 mm or more from an end portion of the widest belt.

A ply of a carcass of a pneumatic radial tire includes a turn-up ply and a down ply. The turn-up ply includes: a main body portion disposed between a pair of bead cores; turn-up portions around the bead cores from an inside toward an outside in a tire width direction. The down ply extends up to an inside in a radial direction of the bead cores so as to cover the turn-up ply including the turn-up portions from an outside. A curvature is formed at either one of a down ply predetermined portion of the down ply, which covers a turn-up end portion of the turn-up portion of the down ply from an outside in the tire width direction, and a turn-up ply portion that covers the turn-up end portion of the turn-up portion in the main body portion of the turn-up ply from inside in the tire width direction.

Provided is an aircraft tire which has both satisfactory light weight and satisfactory separation durability of carcass ply ends. An aircraft tire (10) includes a pair of bead cores (1), and a carcass (2) extending between the pair of the bead cores (1). In this aircraft tire (10), the carcass (2) includes at least one layer of a turn-up ply (2a) which is composed of a main body (2aa) and folded portions (2ab), and at least one layer of a down ply (2b) which covers a tire width-direction outer side of the respective folded portions (2ab) of the turn-up ply (2a) and extends to at least a tire radial-direction inner side of the respective bead cores (1); rubber-cord reinforcing members (6) are each arranged between the main body (2aa) of an outermost turn-up ply (2a) and the folded portion (2ab) of the turn-up ply (2a) extending to a tire radial-direction outermost side, and between the folded portion (2ab) of the turn-up ply (2a) extending to the tire radial-direction outermost side and an innermost down ply (2b); and cords of the rubber-cord reinforcing members (6) have an elongation at break of not less than 30%.

A computer-implemented method of compressing a data set including a plurality of historical tire monitoring measurements spaced by a first time interval. The method includes discarding particular ones of the historical tire monitoring measurements which are older than a first threshold age, such that historical tire monitoring measurements which are older than the first threshold age are retained at a second time interval that is longer than the first time interval.

A computer-implemented method of tire maintenance including: receiving data of a plurality of tire gas pressure measurements each measurement having an associated time; analyzing the received data to determine maintenance information, wherein the maintenance information comprises at least one of: an inflation event, a maximum pressure, a minimum pressure and a tire replacement event; and providing an indication based the determined maintenance information.

A computer-implemented method of predicting a tire gas temperature of an aircraft tire including receiving data of a plurality of measurements of temperature with associated times after a landing event, the data measured by a tire monitoring device affixed to an aircraft wheel; selecting a temperature profile from a plurality of predetermined temperature profiles based on the received data, the plurality of temperature profiles representing heating and cooling under different conditions; and predicting a future tire gas temperature based on the selected temperature profile and the received data. Another method includes: receiving data of a plurality of measurements of temperature with associated times, the data measured by a tire monitoring device affixed to an aircraft wheel; determining a gradient of the temperature from the data; and predicting a future tire gas temperature using the gradient.

A computer-implemented method of aircraft tire maintenance is disclosed including the steps of receiving data of a plurality of pressure and temperature measurements, each of the plurality of pressure and temperature measurements having an associated time stamp; determining stable points in the plurality of pressure and temperature measurements; and using the stable points for determining tire maintenance. A computer readable medium with instructions to implement the method and a processing system to implement the method are also disclosed.

A tire monitoring device configured to be mounted on a wheel and including: a pressure sensor for sensing an inflation pressure of a tire on the wheel; a wireless communication interface configured to receive data indicative of a command to indicate tire pressure, wherein the wireless communication interface is configured to communicate with at least one other tire monitoring device; a storage storing a predetermined pressure value; an indicator configured to provide a first indication and a second indication, wherein the first indication is different from the second indication; and a processing system configured to operate the indicator to provide the first indication or the second indication responsive to receipt of the command to indicate tire pressure, and based at least in part on the inflation pressure and the predetermined pressure value.

A method of copying data from a first device to a second device, each device including a wireless communication interfaces having a maximum range, is disclosed. The first device and the second device are separated by a distance greater than the maximum range. The method includes: transmitting, by the first device, the data to a third device positioned within the maximum range of the first device; receiving the data at the third device and storing the data in a memory of the third device; moving the third device to a physical location within the maximum range of the second device; and transmitting, by the third device, the data to the second device.

A method of communicating configuration data of a tire pressure monitoring device configured to be affixed to a wheel is disclosed. The method includes, at the tire pressure monitoring device, receiving a request to confirm configuration data, and responsive to receipt of the request to confirm configuration data, transmitting a configuration data signal which encodes the configuration data. The configuration data signal is configured to be received and understood by a human.