This disclosure relates to a method and system o real time prediction of tire remaining useful life using a tire digital twin. Herein, the digital twin of the tire monitors a plurality of tires while accounting for runtime as well as parking operation of tires. During runtime, tire goes through multiple operational changes, therefore, the system is configured to estimate the operational changes. The estimation is done in the form of index, which is compared with the manufacturers' recommended value. Similarly, while vehicle is parked, tire still goes through changes which play an important role in its overall health, like, long pending wheel rotation can lead to flat spot. Tire inflation can change owing to cool down effect as well as uncontrolled natural leakages. Further, these parameter indexes are clubbed together to calculate the health index of the tire, which is used to estimate the tire's current remaining useful life.

A tire includes side protectors arranged in a sidewall portion. Each of the side protectors is provided with a groove. The groove includes a first inclined groove portion inclined to a first side with respect to the tire radial direction, or a second inclined groove portion inclined to a second side opposite to the first side with respect to the tire radial direction. The side protectors include first protectors each provided with the first inclined groove portion, and second protectors each provided with the second inclined groove portion.

A tire including a tread wear indicator is provided. The tire includes a pair of sidewalls, in which each sidewall extends from a respective bead area to a tread. The tread includes a plurality of main circumferential grooves, in which the main circumferential grooves are disposed in and proximate an axial center area of the tread. At least one shallow groove is formed in the tread, and each shallow groove includes a depth relative to the surface of the tread that is less than a depth of each of the main circumferential grooves. A primary tread wear indicator is disposed in at least one of the main circumferential grooves, and a secondary tread wear indicator is disposed in the shallow groove.

In a tire, a tread includes a cap layer forming a part of an outer surface of the tire, a base layer disposed inwardly of the cap layer in a radial direction, and an intermediate layer disposed between the cap layer and the base layer in the radial direction. A loss tangent of the intermediate layer at 30° C. is less than a loss tangent of the cap layer at 30° C. and a loss tangent of the base layer at 30° C. is less than the loss tangent of the intermediate layer at 30° C. The tread includes at least two three-layer body portions formed of the cap layer, the intermediate layer, and the base layer, and at least one two-layer body portion that is formed of the cap layer and the base layer and disposed between a first three-layer body portion and a second three-layer body portion.

A pneumatic tire includes a first main groove in a circumferential direction outward of an equatorial plane in a vehicle width direction, a second main groove in the circumferential direction at a position closer to the equatorial plane than the first main groove, a third main groove in the circumferential direction at a position inward of the equatorial plane in the vehicle width direction, and a fourth main groove in the circumferential direction at a position farther from the equatorial plane than the third main groove; relationships 1.05≤G1/G3≤1.25, 1.20≤G2/G3≤1.40, and 1.10≤G4/G3≤1.30 are satisfied; and relationships G3<G1<G2 and G3<G1<G4 are satisfied, where G1 is a first main groove width, G2 is a second main groove width, G3 is a third main groove width, and G4 is a fourth main groove width.

A commercial chain block system is disclosed herein including a block assembly including an elongated platform supported by a first-support-leg, and a second-support-leg extending lengthwise along opposing sides of the platform. The first-support-leg and the second-support-leg have a ramp at one end forming a 45 degree angle. The platform, the first-support-leg, and the second-support-leg are configured to support a tire of a vehicle upon a top-surface of the platform and assist in installing chains on tires of commercial vehicles.

A pneumatic tire includes at least four circumferential main grooves that extend in a tire circumferential direction; and at least five land portions defined by the circumferential main grooves. The center land portion and the left and right second land portions each include through lug grooves that are inclined at a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the tire lateral direction and extend through the land portion in the tire lateral direction. The through lug grooves located in the center land portion and the through lug grooves located in the left and right second land portions extend in the tire lateral direction inclined in opposite directions to each other. At least one groove wall of each of the through lug grooves located in the left and right second land portions include a step-shaped bent portion that bends in the tire circumferential direction in a plan view of a tread.

A tire comprises a tread portion 2 comprising at least a first main groove 3 and a second main groove 4 extending continuously in a tire circumferential direction. The first main groove 3 comprises a first oblique portion 11 inclined with respect to the tire circumferential direction and a second oblique portion 12 connected with the first oblique portion and inclined in an opposite direction to the first oblique portion 11. The second main groove 4 comprises a third oblique portion 13 inclined in a same direction as the first oblique portion 11 with respect to the tire circumferential direction, a fourth oblique portion 14 inclined in an opposite direction to the third oblique portion 13, and a longitudinal groove portion 15 disposed between the third and fourth oblique portions 13 and 14 so that they are not directly connected and extending along the tire circumferential direction.

This pneumatic tire includes a carcass layer, a pair of cross belts disposed on an outer side of the carcass layer in a radial direction, and a tread rubber including a cap tread and an undertread that are layered, the tread rubber being disposed on the outer side of the cross belts in the radial direction. Additionally, the loss tangent tan δ_cap of the cap tread 151 at 60° C. has the relationship tan δ_ut<tan δ_cap with respect to the loss tangent tan δ_ut of the undertread 152 at 60° C. In addition, a maximum gauge UT_ce of the undertread in center land portions has the relationship 1.20≤UT_ce/UT_sh≤2.50 with respect to a maximum gauge UT_sh of the undertread in ground contact regions of shoulder land portions.

A pneumatic tire includes a tread portion molded by sectors divided in a tire circumferential direction. The pneumatic tire includes circumferential grooves, rows of land portions, and sipes. The circumferential grooves extend in the tire circumferential direction in the tread portion. The rows of land portions are defined by the circumferential grooves. The sipes extend in a tire width direction in at least one row of the rows of land portions. The sipes include at least one shallow bottom sipe and regular sipes. The at least one shallow bottom sipe is disposed in a boundary region including a dividing position of each of the sectors. The regular sipes are disposed at positions more separated from the dividing position of each of the sectors than the at least one shallow bottom sipe. The at least one shallow bottom sipe is shallower than the regular sipes.