A utility vehicle includes a rear suspension assembly which has a trailing arm generally extending longitudinally. Also, the rear suspension assembly includes an upper radius rod extending in a generally lateral direction relative to a centerline of the vehicle. Additionally, the rear suspension assembly includes a lower radius rod extending in a generally lateral direction relative to the centerline of the vehicle. The rear suspension assembly further includes a suspension member configured to control toe of the at least one rear ground-engaging member.

A rod-end front suspension is provided for an off-road vehicle. The rod-end front suspension comprises a spindle assembly that is pivotally coupled with an upper suspension arm by way of a first rod-end joint and pivotally coupled with a lower suspension arm by way of a second rod-end joint. A steering rod-end joint coupled with the spindle assembly pivotally receives a steering rod. An axle assembly coupled with the spindle assembly conducts torque from a transaxle to a wheel coupled with the spindle assembly. Each of the first and second rod-end joints comprises a ball rotatably retained within a casing. The ball is fastened within a recess between parallel prongs extending from the spindle assembly. A threaded shank extending from the casing is threadably fixated with the suspension arm, such that the spindle assembly may be moved with respect to the casing and the suspension arm.

An electrical portal wheel hub system is coupled with a wheel and has an electric motor/generator, such as an axial flux motor configured therein and configured to provide power or torque to drive the wheel. The electric motor may be offset vertically from the rotational axis of the wheel to provide additional ground clearance. The electric motor may drive an input gear that is coupled with an output gear that in turns drives the wheel mount and wheel. The gearing ratio can be selected based on the application. A drive axle may from the vehicle may couple with the electric motor and the electric motor may be used to provide supplemental power to drive the wheels. The hub casing may provide mounts for the upper and lower A-arms as well as for a steering arm. The electric motor may act as a generator to charge a battery.

The assembly includes a housing that has an inner bore and a ball stud that has a ball portion with opposing first and second hemispheres. A bearing assembly is disposed in the inner bore of the housing and presents a curved first bearing surface that is in slidable contact with only the first hemisphere of the ball portion. The ball socket assembly also includes a curved second bearing surface that is presented on a different component from the bearing assembly and is in slidable contact with the second hemisphere of the ball portion. The bearing assembly has a plastic portion and a plurality of metal segments. The metal segments collectively define the first bearing surface and are fixedly attached with the plastic portion. The plastic portion allows the metal segments to individually move relative to one another to seat against the ball portion of the ball stud.

A suspension device for an in-wheel motor may include: a buffer part coupled to a vehicle body, and configured to absorb shock; an arm part coupled to the vehicle body, disposed at each of a top and bottom of the vehicle body, and coupled to the buffer part; a support part coupled to the arm part, and configured to be movable upward and downward; one or more connection parts rotatably mounted on the support part, provided as a pair of connection parts, and configured to serve as a steering axis; and a fixing part mounted on the connection part, rotated in connection with the connection part, and coupled to an in-wheel motor.

A subframe structure includes a pair of left and right front-rear frames each mounted with a lower arm; and a transverse member connecting front portions of the front-rear frames. The front-rear frames each includes a rear horizontal portion formed substantially horizontally, an inclined portion extending frontward and upward from a front end of the rear horizontal portion, and a front horizontal portion extending horizontally frontward from a front end of the inclined portion. The transverse member is jointed at left and right ends thereof to the front horizontal portions respectively corresponding to the left and right ends, a rear end of the front horizontal portion is disposed to be positioned frontward of a front end of an engine, and the front-rear frames are deformed into a Z shape in vehicle side view in an event of a front-end collision and thereby energy of the front-end collision is absorbed.

A hub bracket structure includes a hub bracket that connects a trailing arm and a hub carrier, wherein the hub bracket includes a bracket body that includes a mounting surface mounted with the hub carrier, and a rear connector that extends from the bracket body toward the trailing arm behind a ground contact point of a rear wheel, and the rear connector is extended to a position to overlap with a rear surface of the trailing arm in a front-rear direction and is joined to the rear surface of the trailing arm.

A leading-edge steering system is provided for a front suspension of an off-road vehicle. The leading-edge steering system is comprised of a spindle assembly that supports a drive axle assembly to conduct torque from a transaxle to a front wheel. A first rod-end joint pivotally couples an upper suspension arm and the spindle assembly, and a second rod-end joint pivotally couples a lower suspension arm and the spindle assembly. A steering rod-end joint pivotally couples a first end of a steering rod with a leading-edge portion of the spindle assembly. A steering gear is coupled with a second end of the steering rod and configured to move the steering rod, such that the spindle assembly rotates with respect to the upper and lower suspension arms. The leading-edge portion is configured to exert primarily tensile forces on the steering rod during travel over rough terrain.

A utility vehicle includes a rear suspension assembly which has a trailing arm generally extending longitudinally. Also, the rear suspension assembly includes an upper radius rod extending in a generally lateral direction relative to a centerline of the vehicle. Additionally, the rear suspension assembly includes a lower radius rod extending in a generally lateral direction relative to the centerline of the vehicle. The rear suspension assembly further includes a suspension member configured to control toe of the at least one rear ground-engaging member.

A three-point suspension link for a chassis of a vehicle has two arms and a central bearing area. Each arm has a bearing area. The three-point suspension link comprises two load-introducing elements, a central load-introducing element, a stabilization layer, a core element and a supporting winding. The stabilization layer and the supporting winding are formed from a fiber reinforced plastic composite material. A load-introducing element is arranged at every bearing area. The central load-introducing element is arranged at the central bearing area. The core element is surrounded by the stabilization layer in a subarea. The supporting winding surrounds the load-introducing elements, the central load-introducing element, the stabilization layer and the core element in a subarea.