A strut assembly including a reservoir tube that extends about and along a center axis and has an interior surface and defines a chamber. A bearing sleeve is disposed in the chamber of the reservoir tube and extends about and along the center axis between a proximal end and a distal end. The bearing sleeve presents an inner surface and an outer surface. A damper body tube is disposed in the bearing sleeve and is moveable relative to the bearing sleeve. A piston assembly is disposed in the damper body tube. The outer surface of the bearing sleeve has a tubular portion and a protrusion portion that extends radially outwardly relative to the tubular portion and annularly and providing an interference fit between the outer surface of the bearing sleeve and the interior surface of the reservoir tube.

A wheel suspension for the rear axle of a vehicle has a wheel carrier for fastening a rear wheel. A link system including at least two links is fastened on the wheel carrier to enable fastening on a vehicle body of the vehicle. The wheel carrier has a link portion for direct or indirect mounting on the vehicle body of the vehicle.

A vehicle includes a wheel to contact a surface having a reference surface plane in operation of the vehicle; a chassis; an axle housing having an axis which is normal to the reference surface plane; and an axle. The axle extends from the axle housing, to couple the wheel to the axle housing and to support rotation of the wheel relative to the axle housing to support motion of the vehicle across the surface in operation of the vehicle. A suspension system couples the wheel to the chassis and includes a linkage assembly having a first end pivotably coupled to the chassis and a second end pivotably coupled to the axle housing. The first end of the linkage assembly is spaced apart laterally from the second end of the linkage assembly along a longitudinal axis of the linkage assembly. The suspension system is configured to maintain the axis of the axle housing at an angle normal to the reference surface plane in response to an angular displacement between the chassis and the reference surface plane.

The invention relates to a strut rod made of composite material for a suspension of a front axle of a vehicle, including: an upper part coupled to a rod and piston assembly connected to a vehicle body; and a U-shaped lower part including two brackets for fixing a knuckle arm of the vehicle. This strut rod includes means for detecting a crack. This detection means includes at least one additional edge positioned so as to project from an outer surface of the U-shaped lower part of the strut rod in a region where a crack possibly occurs in the case of an accidental shock on a wheel of the vehicle.

An electrically adjustable hydraulic shock absorber includes a tube defining a fluid chamber and a piston assembly positioned within the tube. The piston assembly divides the fluid chamber into a first working chamber and a second working chamber. A piston rod is attached to the piston assembly and projects out of the tube. Further, a rod guide guides the piston rod and an electronically-controlled valve is positioned within the rod guide for controlling a damping state of the shock absorber. A circuit board is positioned around the piston rod for actuating the electronically-controlled valve. A carrier housing receives the circuit board and engages with the rod guide. The carrier housing includes an inner column and an outer column. A bumper cap is mounted on the carrier housing and is engaged with the inner and outer columns.

An object of the present invention is to obtain an electromagnetic suspension apparatus capable of quickly reducing an influence of a mechanical frictional force generated in each part of an electromagnetic actuator. The electromagnetic suspension apparatus includes an electromagnetic actuator that generates a driving force related to a damping operation and an expansion and contraction, an information acquisition unit that acquires vehicle state information including a stroke speed of the electromagnetic actuator, an equivalent frictional force calculation unit that calculates an equivalent frictional force of the electromagnetic actuator based on the vehicle state information, and an ECU that calculates a target driving force of the electromagnetic actuator and controls the driving force of the electromagnetic actuator using the calculated target driving force. The ECU corrects the target driving force based on the equivalent frictional force calculated by the equivalent frictional force calculation unit.

A utility vehicle includes a frame, a first ground-engaging element coupled to a first portion of the frame, a second ground-engaging element coupled to a second portion of the frame, an operator platform supported by the frame, and a suspension system coupled between the operator platform and the frame to accommodate motion of the frame relative to the operator platform. The suspension system includes a first linkage assembly coupled to the operator platform and operable to accommodate motion of the second portion of the frame relative to the operator platform and a second linkage assembly having a first end coupled to the frame to secure the suspension system to the frame and a second end coupled to the first linkage assembly. The second linkage assembly being operable independent of the first linkage assembly to accommodate motion of the first portion of the frame relative to the operator platform.

There is provided a rear cushion device to be mounted between a vehicle main body and a rear suspension arm of a saddle ridden-type vehicle and including a spring and a damper. The damper includes: a cylinder; a piston; a rod; a cylinder-side mounting part; and a rod-side mounting part. The rod-side mounting part includes: a cylindrical inner member fixed to the other axial end side of the rod coaxially with the rod, and having an outer peripheral surface on which a screw is formed; and an outer member mounted to an outer peripheral side of the inner member. The outer member includes: a tubular part having an inner peripheral surface on which a screw to be screwed with the screw of the inner member is formed; and a coupling part for coupling the outer member to the vehicle main body or the rear suspension arm.

A vehicle including: a body frame; a seat provided on the body frame; a pair of front wheels provided at a front portion of the body frame; a pair of rear wheels provided at a rear portion of the body frame; a rear gear provided between the pair of rear wheels; a drive source provided below the seat; and a pair of suspensions each including an upper arm and a lower arm, and respectively supporting the pair of rear wheels. The lower arm in each of the suspensions includes: a front arm portion, connected with the body frame at a position more forward than a rear end of the drive source in a fore-aft direction of the vehicle, and a rear arm portion, connected with the body frame at a position more rearward than a center of the rear gear in the fore-aft direction of the vehicle.

A module bracket device for a suspension system, which is used to mount a shock absorber at a vehicle body side may include a bush cup having an insulator bush mounted therein, a steel bracket disposed at an upper portion of the bush cup with a gap therebetween, and a module bracket injection molded at a lower portion of the steel bracket while surrounding the bush cup.