A tandem axle suspension system includes a first leaf spring having a first eye end and a second eye end, a second leaf spring having a third eye end and a fourth eye end and an assembly for converting double eye leaf springs of a tandem axle suspension system into slipper springs. That assembly includes a keeper including a first guide track and a second guide track, a first follower adapted for receipt of the first eye end and sliding movement along the first guide track and a second follower adapted for receipt of the third eye end and sliding movement along the second guide track.

A suspension assembly for a vehicle having a frame includes a control arm, knuckle, spring, damper, and control module. The control arm is pivotably coupled to the frame. The knuckle is coupled to the control arm and supports a wheel hub for rotation relative to the knuckle. The spring is mounted between the frame and the control arm or the knuckle. The damper has an adjustable damping force and includes a first end mounted to the frame and a second end mounted such that a change in caster angle of the knuckle extends or contracts the damper. The control module is in communication with the damper and configured to adjust a damping force of the damper based on an actual or predicted change in caster angle of the knuckle. The control module is configured to increase the damping force in a direction that resists a change in the caster angle.

Provided is a semi-trailing suspension device including: a trailing arm that is coupled to a vehicle body in a turnable manner; a trailing bush that is provided between the vehicle body and the trailing arm and pivotally supports the trailing arm in a turnable manner; a lower arm that is coupled to the vehicle body in a turnable manner; a lower arm bush that is provided between the vehicle body and the lower arm and pivotally supports the lower arm in a turnable manner; and a hinge mechanism that couples the trailing arm and the lower arm to each other in a relatively displaceable manner.

Provided is a semi-trailing suspension device including: a trailing arm that is coupled to a vehicle body in a turnable manner; a trailing bush that is provided between the vehicle body and the trailing arm and pivotally supports the trailing arm in a turnable manner; a lower arm that is coupled to the vehicle body in a turnable manner; a lower arm bush that is provided between the vehicle body and the lower arm and pivotally supports the lower arm in a turnable manner; and a hinge mechanism that couples the trailing arm and the lower arm to each other in a relatively displaceable manner.

A measuring apparatus to measure adhesive performance of a Pressure Sensitive tape or label, which includes an electric or pneumatic actuator that can be triggered manually or remotely to perform a rolling ball tack evaluation at different or extreme conditions to those standardized in an adhesives laboratory, by using a small laboratory oven or small weathering chamber to simulate those extreme conditions. Also, installing this apparatus inside of those chambers and triggering it remotely through the mentioned actuator installed in the apparatus. The triggering systems includes; a power source to convert the standard laboratory high voltage source to low DC voltage to avoid the risk of an electric shock during the apparatus operation, a couple of metallic isolated cables for electric conduction of voltage to the actuator electric coil, an electric control box containing a momentary push button switch, the actuator containing an electric coil, a spring and a metallic mobile piston, and a mechanical fastening system to attach the actuator to the apparatus and the piston to the mechanical ball release system.

A measuring apparatus to measure adhesive performance of a Pressure Sensitive tape or label, which includes an electric or pneumatic actuator that can be triggered manually or remotely to perform a rolling ball tack evaluation at different or extreme conditions to those standardized in an adhesives laboratory, by using a small laboratory oven or small weathering chamber to simulate those extreme conditions. Also, installing this apparatus inside of those chambers and triggering it remotely through the mentioned actuator installed in the apparatus. The triggering systems includes; a power source to convert the standard laboratory high voltage source to low DC voltage to avoid the risk of an electric shock during the apparatus operation, a couple of metallic isolated cables for electric conduction of voltage to the actuator electric coil, an electric control box containing a momentary push button switch, the actuator containing an electric coil, a spring and a metallic mobile piston, and a mechanical fastening system to attach the actuator to the apparatus and the piston to the mechanical ball release system.

A vehicle suspension system (3) is provided that allows attention eliciting information such as rumble strips, bumps and road markers to be conveyed to the vehicle operator substantially without detracting from the performance of the vehicle suspension system. A control unit (10) determines if a prescribed warning condition exists according to vehicle information and/or road surface information acquired by an information acquiring unit, and performs a warning control including an extending and retracting movement of the actuator interposed between an sprung member (8) and an unsprung member (9) of the vehicle at a prescribed frequency when the warning condition is determined.

A vehicle suspension system (3) is provided that allows attention eliciting information such as rumble strips, bumps and road markers to be conveyed to the vehicle operator substantially without detracting from the performance of the vehicle suspension system. A control unit (10) determines if a prescribed warning condition exists according to vehicle information and/or road surface information acquired by an information acquiring unit, and performs a warning control including an extending and retracting movement of the actuator interposed between an sprung member (8) and an unsprung member (9) of the vehicle at a prescribed frequency when the warning condition is determined.

A suspension device for vehicles (a front suspension (10)) is disclosed in which, of connecting portions (23, 24) of a lower arm (20) and a tie rod (6) for connection to a knuckle (35), one of the connecting portions (24) which is close to the rear of the vehicle is offset inward in the vehicle width direction with respect to the other connecting portion (23) which is close to the front of the vehicle, in the steering neutral state. The center (P2) of a lower end portion of a coil spring (60) is offset outward in the vehicle width direction and rearward in the vehicle's longitudinal direction with respect to the center (P1) of an upper end portion of the coil spring (60).

A suspension device for vehicles (a front suspension (10)) is disclosed in which, of connecting portions (23, 24) of a lower arm (20) and a tie rod (6) for connection to a knuckle (35), one of the connecting portions (24) which is close to the rear of the vehicle is offset inward in the vehicle width direction with respect to the other connecting portion (23) which is close to the front of the vehicle, in the steering neutral state. The center (P2) of a lower end portion of a coil spring (60) is offset outward in the vehicle width direction and rearward in the vehicle's longitudinal direction with respect to the center (P1) of an upper end portion of the coil spring (60).