A vehicle includes a support arm and a suspension element. The suspension element is rotatably connected to a support arm of a vehicle via a mounting pin that extends through an opening on the suspension element, a thrust washer, and a seal. The combination of elements prevent debris from migrating into the connection. The suspension element is configured to connect to a structural element of the vehicle via an upper mount. The suspension element may include a recoil damper having a piston with a plurality of grooves arranged to balance the forces on the piston during and after a recoil event or jounce.

A damper includes a pressure tube and a piston defining a rebound chamber and a compression chamber within the pressure tube. The damper further includes an adapter attached to the pressure tube. The damper includes a retainer slidably disposed within the pressure tube. The retainer and the adapter define an end chamber therebetween within the pressure tube. The damper also includes a cup movably disposed within the pressure tube between the retainer and the adapter. The damper further includes a tubular member disposed adjacent to the cup and attached to the adapter. The tubular member includes at least one through aperture. The damper includes a base valve attached to the adapter. The damper also includes a first spring disposed between the retainer and the cup and a second spring disposed between cup and the adapter.

Disclosed is a shock absorber for a vehicle including a cylinder filled with a fluid, a piston rod disposed inside the cylinder, a piston valve disposed at a lower portion of the piston rod, a stopper installed above the piston valve on the piston rod, a free piston configured to divide the cylinder into a first chamber and a second chamber below the first chamber and installed on the piston rod to be movable upward from the stopper, a spring configured to elastically support the free piston, and a bypass portion provided on an inner circumferential surface of the cylinder.

A wheel module for a motor vehicle is provided with a wheel, a steering rod which can be rotatably mounted on a supporting frame of the motor vehicle for transmitting a steering motion to the wheel, a wishbone connected to the steering rod for forming an articulation point radially offset relative to the wheel, a rocker articulated to the articulation point of the wishbone and to the wheel, and a shock absorber connected to the rocker and the wishbone for damping vibration of a relative movement of the wheel. The shock absorber, in particular including a chassis spring, is arranged to be axially offset in the axial direction of the wheel relative to the wheel. With the shock absorber connected to the wheel and the wishbone and arranged next to the wheel, a large steering angle for a motor vehicle is possible with a small installation space.

In some examples, a vehicle suspension for supporting, at least in part, a sprung mass, includes a damper connected to the sprung mass, the damper including a movable piston. The vehicle suspension further includes an actuator and a controller. The controller may be configured to determine a frequency of motion associated with the sprung mass. When the frequency of motion is below a first frequency threshold, the controller may send a control signal to cause the actuator to apply a deceleration force to the sprung mass. Further, when the frequency of motion associated with the sprung mass exceeds the first frequency threshold, the controller may send a control signal to cause the actuator to apply a compensatory force to the sprung mass. For instance, a magnitude of the compensatory force may be based on a friction force determined for the damper.

Disclosed herein is a shock absorber device having a structure for constant-speed operation. The shock absorber device having a structure for constant-speed operation includes: a body configured such that an inner cylinder having a plurality of orifices is concentrically accommodated inside an outer cylinder and a piston rod and a spring are connected to a piston that slides in the inner cylinder; an accumulator disposed in a flow passage communicating with the orifices and configured to damp a working fluid; and an adjusting means configured to adjust absorbing force and repelling force to a set range via the piston rod. A connection rod is angle-adjustably provided at at least one end of the body, and the connection rod is connected via a worm gear and an adjusting bolt.

An electrically powered suspension system includes: an electromagnetic actuator; an information acquisition unit configured to acquire time-series information related to stroke position of the electromagnetic actuator, information on stroke velocity, and an amount of change in stroke of the electromagnetic actuator and information on a stroke direction based on the time-series information; a damping force calculation unit configured to calculate target damping force based on the information on the stroke velocity; and a drive control unit configured to control driving of the electromagnetic actuator using target driving force obtained based on the target damping force. The damping force calculation unit calculates equivalent friction compensation force based on the amount of change in the stroke and the information on the stroke direction, and corrects the target damping force based on the calculated equivalent friction compensation force. The equivalent friction compensation force has elastic force component and dynamic friction force component.

A suspension including a spring interposed between the body (B) of the vehicle and the wheel (W); a regenerative hydraulic shock-absorbing unit comprising a hydraulic shock-absorber arranged parallel to the spring, a motor and pump unit with a volumetric hydraulic machine and an electric machine coupled to the hydraulic machine), and an electronic control unit arranged to control the torque of the electric machine. A hydraulic actuator is arranged in series with the spring. A reservoir and a hydraulic circuit are connected to each other, the hydraulic shock-absorber, the hydraulic machine the hydraulic actuator and the reservoir. The hydraulic circuit includes a valve assembly for controlling the flow of a working fluid between the hydraulic shock-absorber, the hydraulic machine, the hydraulic actuator and the reservoir.

A damper assembly includes a main tube disposed on a center axis and extending between a first and a second end defining a fluid chamber for containing a working fluid. A main piston is slidably disposed in the fluid chamber dividing the fluid chamber into a rebound chamber and a compression chamber. A piston rod is attached to the main piston for moving the main piston between a compression and a rebound stroke. The piston rod includes a rod extender attached to the main piston defining a compartment. A compression stop including an additional piston is slidably disposed in the compartment and movable between a first position in response to the compression stroke and a second position in response to the rebound stroke. The first position is the additional piston being disposed adjacent the main piston. The second position is the additional piston being axially spaced from the main piston.

An air spring assembly is disclosed. The air spring assembly includes an upper fork tube having a base lug on one end, a lower fork tube having an opening to receive the upper fork tube in a first axial end, and a fork tube gas seal to form a gas seal between the upper fork tube and the lower fork tube. A partial cartridge tube within a portion of the upper fork tube, the partial cartridge tube including a partial cartridge tube gas seal between an outer diameter (OD) of the partial cartridge tube and an inner diameter (ID) of the upper fork tube. An annular volume formed between the ID of the upper fork tube, the OD of the partial cartridge tube, the partial cartridge tube gas seal, and the base lug of the upper fork tube.