A rear air conditioner for a vehicle including a discharge module mounted at an air outflow port of an air-conditioning case and having a discharge case and a rotary mode door; two face vents formed at both side walls of the discharge case; a floor vent formed at the center of the discharge case; and an air mixing zone formed inside the rotary mode door, thereby reducing the size of the air conditioner because a plurality of the vents are intensively arranged in the discharge case, enhancing installability due to the modulated components, reducing a temperature difference of the air discharged to the left and right sides inside the vehicle due to an improved mixability. The inside of the rotary mode door can be utilized as the air mixing zone. The degrees of opening of the face vents and the floor vent are controlled by the single mode door.

During operation under fuel cutoff control, the fuel cutoff control is interrupted when a decrease in temperature of cooling water from a temperature of cooling water that is detected at a start of the fuel cutoff control reaches or exceeds a second specified value under conditions that a degree of opening of an air mix door is greater than or equal to a predetermined opening degree and that a temperature setting is not raised in an operation unit.

A method for determining a heating load of a hybrid electric vehicle includes determining an SOC of a high-voltage battery through a controller, determining whether or not there is a heating request, based on a travel pattern input, through the controller when the SOC of the high-voltage battery is normal, calculating a required heating load according to the travel pattern input when there is the heating request, calculating an environmental condition according to an environment of the vehicle when there is the heating request, calculating a final heating load value through a combination of the calculated required heating load and the environmental condition of the vehicle, and adjusting a basic request engine torque according to the travel pattern input, taking into consideration the calculated final heating load value, and controlling driving of an engine based on the adjusted basic request engine torque.

Systems and methods are provided for management of a thermal system. A system for thermal management includes a thermal system with fluid conduits. A sensor is disposed to monitor an input parameter state of the thermal system. An actuator is configured to vary a flow in the fluid conduits. A controller is configured to receive a signal representative of the input parameter state; process an actuator state through a flow model of the thermal system to obtain an existing flow in the fluid conduits; process the existing flow through a thermal model of the thermal system to determine an input that reduces an error between a desired parameter state and the input parameter state; process the input through an inverse flow model to convert the input to a desired actuator state; and position the actuator in the desired actuator state.

An electric machine (14, 16) for a drive train (12) of a motor vehicle (10) has a coil arrangement and a rotor mounted rotatably relative to the coil arrangement. A fluid line is connected thermally to at least one component of the electric machine (14,16) to supply a cooling fluid (36) to the electric machine (14, 16) and to cool the at least one component. A fan (30, 32) is designed to supply cooling air (42) to the electric machine for cooling the electric machine (14, 16), and a control unit (34) controls the fan (30, 32). The control unit (34) controls the fan arrangement (30, 32) and the cooling air supply depending on a speed (n) and/or a torque (M) of the electric machine (14, 16).

An electric machine (14, 16) for a drive train (12) of a motor vehicle (10) has a coil arrangement and a rotor mounted rotatably relative to the coil arrangement. A fluid line is connected thermally to at least one component of the electric machine (14,16) to supply a cooling fluid (36) to the electric machine (14, 16) and to cool the at least one component. A fan (30, 32) is designed to supply cooling air (42) to the electric machine for cooling the electric machine (14, 16), and a control unit (34) controls the fan (30, 32). The control unit (34) controls the fan arrangement (30, 32) and the cooling air supply depending on a speed (n) and/or a torque (M) of the electric machine (14, 16).

During operation under fuel cutoff control, the fuel cutoff control is interrupted when a decrease in temperature of cooling water from a temperature of cooling water that is detected at a start of the fuel cutoff control reaches or exceeds a second specified value under conditions that a degree of opening of an air mix door is greater than or equal to a predetermined opening degree and that a temperature setting is not raised in an operation unit.

A method for controlling heating of a motor includes: obtaining a heating target temperature value; determining, based on the heating target temperature value, a heating motor that needs to generate heat from a plurality of motors of a multi-motor drive system and heat generation power of the heating motor; and sending a first control instruction to the heating motor. The first control instruction is used to respectively input harmonic currents to three phases of windings of the motor, so that the heating motor generates heat based on the heat generation power. In this way the heating target temperature value is obtained. Therefore, the quantity of heating motors can be flexibly controlled to generate sufficient heat generation power.

A method for controlling heating of a motor includes: obtaining a heating target temperature value; determining, based on the heating target temperature value, a heating motor that needs to generate heat from a plurality of motors of a multi-motor drive system and heat generation power of the heating motor; and sending a first control instruction to the heating motor. The first control instruction is used to respectively input harmonic currents to three phases of windings of the motor, so that the heating motor generates heat based on the heat generation power. In this way the heating target temperature value is obtained. Therefore, the quantity of heating motors can be flexibly controlled to generate sufficient heat generation power.

A fluid heating process which does not utilize an open flame, heat is created by a rotating prime mover(s) driving a hydraulic heat generator. Heat is also collected from the prime mover cooling system, and any exhaust heat generated by the prime mover. The heat energy is collected from all these sources, and transmitted through heat exchangers to generate a hot fluid, which can be used to heat other fluids and used for any application where heat is required.