A work vehicle is provided with a support member that supports an output shaft of a wheel differential mechanism between a differential case and a planetary reduction mechanism. The support member is configured to engage the output shaft relatively immovably in a direction along the axis of the output shaft.

A vehicle has an engine, a limited slip differential (LSD) mounted on an axle driven by the engine, and left and right wheels operably connected to the LSD. At least one parameter indicative of a riding condition of the vehicle is determined. A slippery driving condition is detected based on the at least one parameter. The LSD is selectively locked in response to the detection. The slippery driving condition is detected when a torque requested by a user is above a load line of the engine, upon successive wheel slips occurrences, and/or when a wheel slip is detected while a preload is applied to the LSD.

A vehicle linear motor includes: a tubular casing; a pair of armatures placed and fixed in the casing; a mover formed in a flat plate shape and placed to face the pair of armatures and to be movable in the casing; and a support member configured to slidably support the mover such that the mover moves in a longitudinal direction of the mover. The mover formed in the flat plate shape includes a plurality of magnets that are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction. Each of the pair of armatures has a magnetic pole that is arranged to move the mover relative to the armatures in the longitudinal direction. The casing is mounted on a vehicle such that the longitudinal direction is a horizontal direction, and the mover and the armatures are placed to face each other in the horizontal direction.

Methods and systems for a vehicle transmission are provided herein. The vehicle transmission includes an input interface configured to mechanically couple to a motive power source. The vehicle transmission further includes a first disconnect device releasably mechanically coupling a first output to a first drive axle and a second disconnect device releasably mechanically coupling a second output to a second drive axle.

An axle disconnect assembly, including: a housing and a clutch a shaft with first splines; a sleeve including second splines non-rotatably connected to the first splines, and axially extending teeth; a shift lever including at least one pivot pin, a first end connected to the sleeve, and a second end; and an actuation assembly including an actuation shaft engaged with the second end of the shift lever, and an actuator. In a connect mode, the teeth are non-rotatably connected to a power output. In a disconnect mode, the sleeve is rotatable with respect to the power output. To shift from the disconnect mode to the connect mode: the actuator rotates the actuator shaft; the actuator shaft pivots the shift lever around an axis of the at least one pivot pin; and the first end of the shift lever displaces the sleeve, with respect to the shaft, in an axial direction.

A driving force transmission apparatus includes: a pinion gear shaft having a pinion teeth portion, a first shaft portion extending from one side of the pinion teeth portion, and a second shaft portion extending from the other side of the pinion teeth portion; a ring gear meshing with the pinion teeth portion; a clutch housing capable of rotating relative to the pinion gear shaft on a rotation axis in coincidence with a rotation axis of the pinion gear shaft; a clutch mechanism located between the clutch housing and the first shaft portion of the pinion gear shaft; and a differential carrier accommodating the ring gear. The first shaft portion and the second shaft portion of the pinion gear shaft are supported by a first bearing and a second bearing, respectively. The clutch housing is supported by the pinion gear shaft through a third bearing fitted on the first shaft portion.

A driving force transmission apparatus includes: a pinion gear shaft having a pinion teeth portion, a first shaft portion extending from one side of the pinion teeth portion, and a second shaft portion extending from the other side of the pinion teeth portion; a ring gear meshing with the pinion teeth portion; a clutch housing capable of rotating relative to the pinion gear shaft on a rotation axis in coincidence with a rotation axis of the pinion gear shaft; a clutch mechanism located between the clutch housing and the first shaft portion of the pinion gear shaft; and a differential carrier accommodating the ring gear. The first shaft portion and the second shaft portion of the pinion gear shaft are supported by a first bearing and a second bearing, respectively. The clutch housing is supported by the pinion gear shaft through a third bearing fitted on the first shaft portion.

An integrated pinion shaft and constant velocity joint (PS/CVJ) assembly for use in motor vehicle driveline applications to transfer torque between a propshaft and a ring gear. The PS/CVJ assembly includes a pinion shaft having a pinion gear segment meshed with the ring gear and a hollow pinion shaft segment. The PS/CVJ assembly also includes a constant velocity joint having an inner race coupled to the propshaft and an outer race integral with or fixed to an end portion of the pinion shaft segment.

A number of variations include a product comprising a transfer case comprising a hydraulic system comprising a hydraulic fluid and a hydraulic pump or hydraulic motor wherein the hydraulic system is constructed and arranged to capture energy from regenerative braking of the at least one brake of at least one drive.

Provided herein is a method for calibrating a clutch by searching for the minimum of a multi-dimensional surface including determining the error between a spline function and recorded data relating to clutch characteristics, creating a multi-dimensional surface corresponding to the error values, determining the minimum of the multi-dimensional surface using the steps of performing a Steepest Gradient & Direction determination step and conducting a Golden Section Search and Switch Direction Step to find a minimum that meets a predetermined closing condition. Additionally, provided herein is a computer-implemented system for calibrating the clutch.