Embodiments of the present disclosure include a wheelchair configured to reposition an occupant between a lowered and a raised position. The wheelchair can include a frame, a seat moveable relative to the frame, a drive wheel, and one or more pairs of arm assemblies. The arm assembly includes a wheel configured to move from a first spatial location when the wheel chair is operating on flat, level ground to a second spatial location that is different than the first spatial location. Arm limiters can selectively engage the arm assembly based on at least one of a seat position, position of the arm assembly and surface conditions of ground surface. The arm limiters can limit the range of motion of the arm assembly and sometimes other operational aspects of the chair.

Embodiments of the present disclosure include a wheelchair configured to reposition an occupant between a lowered and a raised position. The wheelchair can include a frame, a seat moveable relative to the frame, a drive wheel, and one or more pairs of arm assemblies. The arm assembly includes a wheel configured to move from a first spatial location when the wheel chair is operating on flat, level ground to a second spatial location that is different than the first spatial location. Arm limiters can selectively engage the arm assembly based on at least one of a seat position, position of the arm assembly and surface conditions of ground surface. The arm limiters can limit the range of motion of the arm assembly and sometimes other operational aspects of the chair.

Disclosed herein are systems and methods, implementable in a vehicle equipped with adaptive cruise control, for maintaining in a subject vehicle substantially constant following distance relative to a preceding target vehicle where there has been a change in slope of a surface on which the subject vehicle is travelling and/or where pitch of the subject vehicle has changed. Systems and methods disclosed herein may maintain such substantially constant following distance by managing engine torque. Such engine torque management effective for maintaining substantially constant following distance relative to a preceding target vehicle, notwithstanding change in driving surface slope and/or change in pitch of the subject vehicle, may be realized, according to the subject vehicle's torque map, based on data received into the subject vehicle's electronic control unit through sensors for detecting surface slope and sensors for detecting vehicle pitch, which may be located on the subject vehicle.

Disclosed herein are systems and methods, implementable in a vehicle equipped with adaptive cruise control, for maintaining in a subject vehicle substantially constant following distance relative to a preceding target vehicle where there has been a change in slope of a surface on which the subject vehicle is travelling and/or where pitch of the subject vehicle has changed. Systems and methods disclosed herein may maintain such substantially constant following distance by managing engine torque. Such engine torque management effective for maintaining substantially constant following distance relative to a preceding target vehicle, notwithstanding change in driving surface slope and/or change in pitch of the subject vehicle, may be realized, according to the subject vehicle's torque map, based on data received into the subject vehicle's electronic control unit through sensors for detecting surface slope and sensors for detecting vehicle pitch, which may be located on the subject vehicle.

The bike's crank speed and crank position are sensed via a micro controller, torque sensor, gyro and accelerator disposed on the bike's crank. External power and control signals can be passed to and from the crank micro controller and the e-bike controller through a throttle connector of the e-bike controller via slip rings around the crank hub with and with pogo pin connectors connected to the respective slip rings. Throttle data can also be provided to the e-bike controller wirelessly via a wireless dongle coupled to the throttle connector of e-bike controller.

The bike's crank speed and crank position are sensed via a micro controller, torque sensor, gyro and accelerator disposed on the bike's crank. External power and control signals can be passed to and from the crank micro controller and the e-bike controller through a throttle connector of the e-bike controller via slip rings around the crank hub with and with pogo pin connectors connected to the respective slip rings. Throttle data can also be provided to the e-bike controller wirelessly via a wireless dongle coupled to the throttle connector of e-bike controller.

An automatic speed control including repeated autonomous establishment of a setpoint variable regarding a setpoint speed and/or a setpoint acceleration of the vehicle in such a way that the setpoint speed is smaller or equal to a specified or established maximum speed and/or the setpoint acceleration of the vehicle remains smaller or equal to a specified or established maximum acceleration controlling at least one vehicle component by taking into account the autonomously newly established setpoint variable so that an actual speed of the vehicle corresponds to the setpoint speed and/or an actual acceleration of the vehicle corresponds to the setpoint acceleration; and establishing the maximum speed and/or the maximum acceleration by taking into account a measured and/or estimated temperature of a component of a wheel brake caliper and/or a driving variable that is relevant for overheating of the component of the wheel brake caliper.

An automatic speed control including repeated autonomous establishment of a setpoint variable regarding a setpoint speed and/or a setpoint acceleration of the vehicle in such a way that the setpoint speed is smaller or equal to a specified or established maximum speed and/or the setpoint acceleration of the vehicle remains smaller or equal to a specified or established maximum acceleration controlling at least one vehicle component by taking into account the autonomously newly established setpoint variable so that an actual speed of the vehicle corresponds to the setpoint speed and/or an actual acceleration of the vehicle corresponds to the setpoint acceleration; and establishing the maximum speed and/or the maximum acceleration by taking into account a measured and/or estimated temperature of a component of a wheel brake caliper and/or a driving variable that is relevant for overheating of the component of the wheel brake caliper.

A vehicle control apparatus capable of executing control to cause a vehicle to automatically follow a preceding vehicle, includes a determination unit configured to determine, based on internal information of the vehicle, whether to request an increase of a cruising speed of the preceding vehicle during automatic following to the preceding vehicle, and a request transmission unit configured to transmit an increase request for requesting to increase the cruising speed of the preceding vehicle in a case in which the determination unit determines to request the increase of the cruising speed.

A vehicle control apparatus capable of executing control to cause a vehicle to automatically follow a preceding vehicle, includes a determination unit configured to determine, based on internal information of the vehicle, whether to request an increase of a cruising speed of the preceding vehicle during automatic following to the preceding vehicle, and a request transmission unit configured to transmit an increase request for requesting to increase the cruising speed of the preceding vehicle in a case in which the determination unit determines to request the increase of the cruising speed.