A vehicle includes a battery, an electric power acquirer, a relay, a pre-charge relay, a power supply unit, and a controller. The controller performs a control of electric power transmission through a power line of the vehicle. The controller executes pre-charge processing on a request for operation of the power supply unit, with the relay being in a disconnected state, and with the electric power acquirer being available for electric power acquisition. The pre-charge processing includes raising a voltage of the power line by switching the pre-charge relay. The controller causes a transition of a mode of the electric power transmission to a direct transmission mode. The direct transmission mode includes transmitting electric power acquired by the electric power acquirer to the power supply unit.

A control method of a heat pump system for a vehicle includes a first cooling apparatus having a first radiator, a first water pump, an electrical component, a valve, and a branch line, which are connected by a first coolant line and circulate a first coolant by the first water pump to the electrical component; a second cooling apparatus including a second radiator and a second water pump connected by a second coolant line; and an air conditioning apparatus including a compressor, a heater, an expansion valve, and a heat exchanger which are connected by a refrigerant line circulated with a refrigerant.

A control method of a heat pump system for a vehicle includes a first cooling apparatus having a first radiator, a first water pump, an electrical component, a valve, and a branch line, which are connected by a first coolant line and circulate a first coolant by the first water pump to the electrical component; a second cooling apparatus including a second radiator and a second water pump connected by a second coolant line; and an air conditioning apparatus including a compressor, a heater, an expansion valve, and a heat exchanger which are connected by a refrigerant line circulated with a refrigerant.

A battery cooling system for a vehicle and a method are disclosed. In particular, the battery cooling system may include: a battery cooling apparatus to selectively connected to a cooling apparatus and cool a battery by coolant flowing through the battery cooling apparatus; a battery management system to measure a temperature of the battery in a periodic time interval after a vehicle is turned off; and a controller to control the battery cooling apparatus to cool the battery when the temperature of the batter is higher than a threshold temperature.

A thermal management system includes a first cooler that cools a first heat source, a first circulation path that connects the first cooler and a first pump, a second cooler that cools a second heat source, a second circulation path that connects the second cooler and a second pump, a changeover valve, and a controller. The changeover valve is switchable between first and second valve positions. The first and second circulation paths are separated from each other when the changeover valve is in the first valve position. The controller causes both the first and second pumps to operate when the temperature difference between refrigerants in the first and second circulation paths is more than a predetermined temperature difference threshold when the changeover valve is set to the first valve position and one of the first and second pumps is operating and the other is not operating.

A refrigerant cycle device includes a compressor, a radiator, a first expansion valve, a second expansion valve, a first evaporator, a second evaporator, and a controller. The controller is configured to switch between a first evaporator priority control and a second evaporator priority control. During the first evaporator priority control, the controller controls a throttle opening of the second expansion valve based on at least one of a temperature of a first evaporator, a temperature of a refrigerant flowing through the first evaporator, and a temperature of an air having exchanged heat in the first evaporator. During the second evaporator priority mode, the controller controls the throttle opening based on a refrigerant state of the second evaporator. When the at least one of the temperatures is equal to or greater than a switching temperature, the second priority mode is switched to the first priority mode.

A supply device for supplying electricity to at least one consumer includes: a primary power supply in which there is a first fuel cell device having a first performance; a voltage transformer which connects the primary power supply to a secondary power supply having a battery; and a measuring device for detecting an insulation resistance of the primary power supply and/or of the secondary power supply. A second fuel cell device having a second performance is connected in series with the first fuel cell device in the primary power supply, wherein a bridge circuit comprising a switch is connected in parallel with each of the fuel cell devices and wherein the switches of the bridge circuits can be switched in accordance with the detected insulation resistance. A fuel cell vehicle and a method for limiting voltage in a supply device are also provided.

A charging system includes: a main battery storing electric power for a vehicle to travel; an inlet connected to a charging connector; a charging relay that switches a path of electric power from the inlet to the main battery; a converter that steps down a voltage of the electric power from the inlet; and an ECU that controls the charging relay and the converter. The ECU: controls the converter so that the converter starts stepping down the voltage of the electric power from the inlet to the auxiliary voltage after receiving the electric power from the inlet; supplies, before the charging relay switches to the connected state, the charging relay with the electric power from the converter as operating power for switching to the connected state; and controls the charging relay so that the charging relay switches from the disconnected state to the connected state, using the operating power.

Aspects of the invention are directed towards a system and method for safe decoupling of the external power supply from a vehicle. The technology described herein provides an indication or an alert to the user at an appropriate time and avoids the possible damage to the system. The system comprises an electrical port by which the refrigerator can be connected to an external AC mains supply via an electrical cable when the vehicle is in stationary state. The system further comprises a refrigerator main controller unit (RMU) for controlling the power delivered to the refrigerator in both stationary and driving states of the vehicle. There is a safety system installed for restricting the vehicle from being driven when the electrical port of the system is connected to the AC mains supply via the electrical cable and the refrigerator is powered by the AC mains supply.

An external electric vehicle battery thermal management system is described. An electric vehicle thermal system provides external coolant to an internal battery thermal system of an electric vehicle. The internal battery thermal system includes a liquid-to-liquid heat exchanger to cool or warm the set of batteries of the electric vehicle. The external coolant is pumped through a first side of the heat exchanger and serves as the source to cool or heat internal coolant pumped through a second side of the heat exchanger. The external coolant and the internal coolant do not mix.