A series-hybrid vehicle includes an internal combustion engine for electric power generation and a motor generator for travelling. The internal combustion engine is cooled by a second coolant water circuit that has a main radiator. A first coolant water circuit having a sub radiator is used to cool a front wheel-side power train cooling part, a rear wheel-side power train cooling part, a water-cooled condenser, and a low temperature-side intercooler. When the vehicle is accelerating, an electrical compressor for an air conditioner comes to a stop, and the circulation of refrigerant to the water-cooled condenser is brought to a halt.

A vehicle control device includes a motor control unit, a turning control unit, and a turning information detection unit. The motor control unit controls electric motor. The turning control unit controls a turning device. The vehicle control device, by the motor control unit controlling the electric motor and the turning control unit controlling the turning device when the turning information detection unit detects information related to turning of the wheels, controls a turning force as a force to be applied to the tire of the wheel in order to turn the vehicle.

In an example embodiment, a system includes an inverter configured to operate in at least one of a charging mode or a drive mode, a cascaded direct current (DC)-DC converter, the DC-DC converter including a first portion of the inverter and at least one controller configured to selectively couple the first portion of the inverter to a first portion of the cascaded DC-DC converter during the charging mode, and selectively couple the inverter to a second portion of the cascaded DC-DC converter during the drive mode.

In an example embodiment, a system includes an inverter configured to operate in at least one of a charging mode or a drive mode, a cascaded direct current (DC)-DC converter, the DC-DC converter including a first portion of the inverter and at least one controller configured to selectively couple the first portion of the inverter to a first portion of the cascaded DC-DC converter during the charging mode, and selectively couple the inverter to a second portion of the cascaded DC-DC converter during the drive mode.

A virtual manual transmission system for an electric vehicle for simulating the behavior of a vehicle having a manual transmission by controlling a motor while protecting an electric storage device. A controller is configured to: change torque of the motor when a virtual manual shifting is executed by operating a clutch device, an accelerator device, and a shifting device; and reduce a regulation on a change rate of the torque of the motor or an input/output power to/from the electric storage device.

A virtual manual transmission system for an electric vehicle for simulating the behavior of a vehicle having a manual transmission by controlling a motor while protecting an electric storage device. A controller is configured to: change torque of the motor when a virtual manual shifting is executed by operating a clutch device, an accelerator device, and a shifting device; and reduce a regulation on a change rate of the torque of the motor or an input/output power to/from the electric storage device.

A torque generating system is described, and includes a fuel cell power device, a high-voltage battery, an electric drive unit, and a controller. The fuel cell power device has a non-linear power-temperature relationship that has a local temperature maxima at a first electric power level and a local temperature minima at a second electric power level. A first operating point of the fuel cell power device is less than the first electric power level, and a second operating point of the fuel cell power device is set at a third electric power level that is greater than the first electric power level, wherein the third electric power level generates a fuel cell temperature that is less than the local temperature maxima. The fuel cell power device is controlled to one of the first operating point or the second operating point to transfer electric power to the electric drive unit.

A ducted propulsion assembly for an aircraft includes a duct and a plurality of stators. The distal ends of the stators are coupled to the duct. The ducted propulsion assembly includes a line replaceable centerbody assembly isostatically coupled to the proximal ends of the stators. The line replaceable centerbody assembly includes one or more electric motors driving an output driveshaft. The ducted propulsion assembly also includes a proprotor assembly interchangeably coupled to and rotatable with the output driveshaft of the line replaceable centerbody assembly. The proprotor assembly is rotatable in a rotational plane to generate thrust.

A ducted propulsion assembly for an aircraft includes a duct and a plurality of stators. The distal ends of the stators are coupled to the duct. The ducted propulsion assembly includes a line replaceable centerbody assembly isostatically coupled to the proximal ends of the stators. The line replaceable centerbody assembly includes one or more electric motors driving an output driveshaft. The ducted propulsion assembly also includes a proprotor assembly interchangeably coupled to and rotatable with the output driveshaft of the line replaceable centerbody assembly. The proprotor assembly is rotatable in a rotational plane to generate thrust.

A current limiting method of a fuel cell stack is capable of preventing current of the fuel cell stack from rapidly dropping to prevent jerking or shock from occurring while a vehicle travels. The method includes: determining whether performance deterioration of a unit cell of the fuel cell stack has occurred, employing a feed forward control type current limiting logic of the fuel cell stack before an output of the fuel cell vehicle is lowered, decreasing the current of the fuel cell stack to a predetermined level by the feed forward control type current limiting logic, and gradually restoring the current of the fuel cell stack to a maximum current usage value from a point in time when the current of a load is used.