An interchange energy device for an electric vehicle enables an electric vehicle to be compatible with existing power lines such as overhead catenary system with little to no modification necessary to a modern electric vehicle. The interchangeable energy device has the same form factor as a battery pack, and is fully compatible with the drive system of the vehicle. The interchangeable device enables a battery pack to be swapped for an adapter to take advantage of existing power systems such as an overhead catenary system.

An interchange energy device for an electric vehicle enables an electric vehicle to be compatible with existing power lines such as overhead catenary system with little to no modification necessary to a modern electric vehicle. The interchangeable energy device has the same form factor as a battery pack, and is fully compatible with the drive system of the vehicle. The interchangeable device enables a battery pack to be swapped for an adapter to take advantage of existing power systems such as an overhead catenary system.

A straddled vehicle, including a vehicle frame structure, a drive unit including a drive motor that receives electric power and outputs driving power, a driving wheel that receives the driving power, and an electric power generation unit. The electric power generation unit includes an electric power generation engine configured to output engine power, and an electric power generator that is fixed to the electric power generation engine and is electrically connected to an electric power transfer medium having flexibility. The electric power generator is configured to convert the engine power into the electric power, and supply the electric power to the drive motor via the electric power transfer medium. The straddled vehicle is series-hybridized by the drive unit and the electric power generation unit. The electric power generation engine is swingably supported, independently of the drive unit, by the vehicle frame structure, such that the engine power is not mechanically supplied to the driving wheel.

A straddled vehicle, including a vehicle frame structure, a drive unit including a drive motor that receives electric power and outputs driving power, a driving wheel that receives the driving power, and an electric power generation unit. The electric power generation unit includes an electric power generation engine configured to output engine power, and an electric power generator that is fixed to the electric power generation engine and is electrically connected to an electric power transfer medium having flexibility. The electric power generator is configured to convert the engine power into the electric power, and supply the electric power to the drive motor via the electric power transfer medium. The straddled vehicle is series-hybridized by the drive unit and the electric power generation unit. The electric power generation engine is swingably supported, independently of the drive unit, by the vehicle frame structure, such that the engine power is not mechanically supplied to the driving wheel.

A non-oriented electrical steel sheet having a high magnetic flux density and a low iron loss includes C: not more than 0.01 mass %, Si: 1.3-5.0 mass %, Mn: 0.001-3 mass %, sol. Al: not more than 0.004 mass %, P: 0.03-0.20 mass %, S: not more than 0.005 mass %, N: not more than 0.005 mass %, Ti: more than 0.0020 mass % but not more than 0.1 mass %, and further contains one or more selected from Sn: 0.001-0.1 mass %, Sb: 0.001-0.1 mass %, Ca: 0.001-0.02 mass % and Mg: 0.001-0.02 mass % as required.

A system for electrically coupling a first structure with a second structure in a vehicle is disclosed, and includes a control module receiving at least one of electrical power and data, a cable, and a reel. The cable has a variable length and is electrically coupled to the control module. The cable transmits at least one of electrical power and data from the first structure to the second structure. The reel is located at the first structure and defines an axis of rotation. The cable is windable around the reel, and the reel is rotatable about the axis of rotation to adjust the variable length of the cable. The variable length of the cable is a portion of the cable that extends between the first structure to the second structure that is not wound around the reel.

An enclosed incubation system for production of trout fish is disclosed. The incubation system includes: an ultraviolet unit to disinfect water prior to entering the system, a disinfecting tank to disinfect water, a plurality of water tanks to supply water, a water heater, a plurality of fish tanks, a plurality of inlet and outlet valves, a plurality of canals, a first and a second aeration pump to aerate the plurality of the fish tanks.

A control system for a vehicle to prevent a reduction in a drive force due to increase in an internal resistance of a battery. A controller calculates a command value of an output power of the battery to be transmitted to a motor in future, and predicts an internal resistance of the battery at the point to discharge the electric power from the battery in the amount of the command value. If it is expected that the battery will not be possible to discharge the electric power in the amount of the command value, the controller reduces a load on the battery by increasing an amount of the electric power supplied to the motor from the generator before the battery can no longer discharge the electric power in the amount of the command value.

A control system for a vehicle to prevent a reduction in a drive force due to increase in an internal resistance of a battery. A controller calculates a command value of an output power of the battery to be transmitted to a motor in future, and predicts an internal resistance of the battery at the point to discharge the electric power from the battery in the amount of the command value. If it is expected that the battery will not be possible to discharge the electric power in the amount of the command value, the controller reduces a load on the battery by increasing an amount of the electric power supplied to the motor from the generator before the battery can no longer discharge the electric power in the amount of the command value.

A power generation and starting device for a utility vehicle having a battery source capable of storing electrical energy, a logic/driver module operably coupled to the battery source and capable of outputting power to a drive system of the utility vehicle, an internal combustion engine capable of outputting a mechanical driving force, and a generator system operably coupled to the internal combustion engine and electrically coupled to the logic/driver module. The generator system is capable of operating as a generator in response to the mechanical driving force of the internal combustion engine, thereby outputting electrical energy to the logic/driver module. The generator is further capable of operating as an electric motor in response to input of electrical energy from the logic/driver module to drive the internal combustion engine during startup of the internal combustion engine.