A through the road (TTR) hybridization strategy is proposed to facilitate introduction of hybrid electric vehicle technology in a significant portion of current and expected trucking fleets. In some cases, the technologies can be retrofitted onto an existing vehicle (e.g., a truck, a tractor unit, a trailer, a tractor-trailer configuration, at a tandem, etc.). In some cases, the technologies can be built into new vehicles. In some cases, one vehicle may be built or retrofitted to operate in tandem with another and provide the hybridization benefits contemplated herein. By supplementing motive forces delivered through a primary drivetrain and fuel-fed engine with supplemental torque delivered at one or more electrically-powered drive axles, improvements in overall fuel efficiency and performance may be delivered, typically without significant redesign of existing components and systems that have been proven in the trucking industry.

A network of collection, charging and distribution machines collect, charge and distribute portable electrical energy storage devices (e.g., batteries, supercapacitors or ultracapacitors). To charge, the machines employ electrical current from an external source, such as the electrical grid or an electrical service of an installation location. The charging and distribution machines may distribute portable electrical energy storage devices of particular performance characteristics and other attributes based on customer preferences and/or customer profiles. The charging and distribution machines may provide instructions to or otherwise program portable electrical energy storage devices stored within the charging and distribution machines to perform at various levels according to user preferences and user profiles.

A through the road (TTR) hybridization strategy is proposed to facilitate introduction of hybrid electric vehicle technology in a significant portion of current and expected trucking fleets. In some cases, the technologies can be retrofitted onto an existing vehicle (e.g., a trailer, a tractor-trailer configuration, etc.). In some cases, the technologies can be built into new vehicles. In some cases, one vehicle may be built or retrofitted to operate in tandem with another and provide the hybridization benefits contemplated herein. By supplementing motive forces delivered through a primary drivetrain and fuel-fed engine with supplemental torque delivered at one or more electrically-powered drive axles, improvements in overall fuel efficiency and performance may be delivered, typically without significant redesign of existing components and systems that have been proven in the trucking industry.

A temperature control system to be installed in an electric vehicle includes a water circuit, a coolant circuit, a radiator, a heat exchanger, a water pump, and a controller. The water circuit circulates cooling water to cool an electric device. The coolant circuit circulates a coolant to control a temperature of a cabin or battery of the electric vehicle. The radiator is disposed in the water circuit. The heat exchanger is disposed in the coolant circuit and receives heat released from the radiator through cooling air delivered from the radiator. The water pump regulates a flow rate of the cooling water circulating in the water circuit. The controller increases the number of rotations of the water pump to a greater value in a condition where an increase in temperature of the cabin or the battery is requested than in a normal condition where the increase in temperature is not requested.

A liquid cooling module comprises a cooling plate, including a plurality of cooling channels for liquid flowing, and a pump block, integrated with the cooling plate and including a pump and a heat exchange chamber connecting to the plurality of cooling channels of the cooling plate, to form a circulation loop.

Provided herein is a heat transfer system for a battery cell of a battery pack of an electric vehicle. The heat transfer system can provide temperature regulation of battery cells disposed within a battery pack of an electric vehicle during charging of the respective battery cells or operation of the electric vehicle. A battery cell can include a housing with an electrolyte disposed in an inner region defined by the housing and a dual polarity lid. The heat transfer system can include a sleeve coupled with an outer surface of the housing. A cooling plate can couple with a second end of the housing. A plurality of fins can extend from the first surface of the cooling plate. The plurality of fins can be disposed around the battery cell and coupled with the sleeve to facilitate heat transfer between the battery cell, the plurality of fins and the cooling plate.

Provided herein is a heat transfer system for a battery cell of a battery pack of an electric vehicle. The heat transfer system can provide temperature regulation of battery cells disposed within a battery pack of an electric vehicle during charging of the respective battery cells or operation of the electric vehicle. A battery cell can include a housing with an electrolyte disposed in an inner region defined by the housing and a dual polarity lid. The heat transfer system can include a sleeve coupled with an outer surface of the housing. A cooling plate can couple with a second end of the housing. A plurality of fins can extend from the first surface of the cooling plate. The plurality of fins can be disposed around the battery cell and coupled with the sleeve to facilitate heat transfer between the battery cell, the plurality of fins and the cooling plate.

A vehicle heat management system includes a refrigerant circuit, a heating circuit, a battery temperature regulation circuit, and an electric part cooling circuit. The refrigerant circuit is configured to circulate a refrigerant to regulate a temperature inside a passenger compartment therethrough. The heating circuit is configured to circulate a liquid that exchanges heat with the refrigerant therethrough. The heating circuit is capable of regulating the temperature inside the passenger compartment. The battery temperature regulation circuit is configured to regulate a temperature of a battery by introducing a liquid that exchanges heat with the refrigerant to the battery. The electric part cooling circuit is couplable to the battery temperature regulation circuit and configured to circulate a liquid able to cool an electric part for driving a vehicle therethrough.

A device for heat distribution in a hybrid motor vehicle includes an engine cooling circuit and a refrigerant circuit for a combined operation in a refrigeration heat pump mode and a reheating mode. The refrigerant circuit includes an evaporator, a compressor, a heat exchanger to supply heat from the refrigerant to air being conditioned for a passenger compartment, and a heat exchanger to transfer heat between a refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit and coolant of the engine cooling circuit. The heat exchanger operates as an evaporator for the heat transfer from the coolant to the evaporating refrigerant, and alternatively operates as a condenser for the heat transfer from the condensing refrigerant to the coolant.

Temperature control of an interior of a motor vehicle having an electrical drive is carried out by a heat pump arrangement having a heating temperature region and a low temperature region, wherein the heating temperature region includes at least one interior heat exchanger thermally coupled to the interior and the low temperature region includes at least one of an exterior heat exchanger and a heat exchanger disposed on a component of the electrical drive. When the interior of the motor vehicle is be temperature-controlled, heat energy from the heating temperature region of the heat pump arrangement is delivered to the interior of the vehicle, and the operating point of the electrical drive is altered such that the generation of thermal losses is controlled in at least one electrical component of the electrical drive, such that the temperature of the low temperature region in the stationary or quasi-stationary operation is controlled at a level so as to ensure that the heat pump arrangement can provide the heating energy.