A cortical access system for delivering a medical tool into an epidural and/or subdural space and onto a patient's brain tissue through a cranium opening comprises: a turret including a proximal end portion, a distal end portion, and a first channel extending from an entrance opening to an exit opening, the first channel configured to guide the medical tool from the entrance opening to the exit opening for positioning on the patients brain tissue. The medical tool may be an electrode or an endoscope.

An enhanced flexible robotic endoscopy apparatus includes a main body and flexible elongate shaft. The main body comprises a proximal end, a distal end and a housing that extends to the proximal end and the housing comprises a plurality of surfaces and a plurality of insertion inlets which reside on at least one of the surface of the housing at the proximal end of the main body, through which a plurality of channels for endoscopy are accessible. Each of the insertion inlets has insertion axis corresponding thereto, along which flexible elongate assemblies are insertable, with the insertion axes of the insertion inlets being parallel to the central axis of the flexible elongate shaft at the proximal end of the flexible elongate shaft.

An adapter device for a surgical instrument includes an adapter member connectable to and separable from the surgical instrument, the adapter member having a first end, a second end, a longitudinal axis extending from the first end to the second end, and a connection structure configured to connect to the surgical instrument, and a mounting member connectable to and separable from the adapter member for mounting an additional instrument to the adapter member.

A mounting member includes: a body portion provided in a camera head including an image sensor, the body portion being rotatable about a first axis that passes through the body portion and connectable with an endoscope; a locking protrusion provided in the body portion and configured to lock with the endoscope; a detachable button configured to be movable with respect to the body portion and control attachment and detachment of the endoscope to and from the body portion; and a spring whose load applied to the locking protrusion changes according to an advancing/retreating operation of the detachable button with respect to the body portion. The detachable button includes a sliding portion extending in an advancing/retreating direction with respect to the body portion and configured to slide with respect to the body portion. The body portion includes a guide portion configured to guide a moving direction of the sliding portion.

A modular endoscope system comprises a first modular section comprising imaging and illumination units, and a patient-insertable second modular section that can be detached to the first modular section via an attachment mechanism, wherein the first modular section is positionable at a distal end section of the second modular section and is configured to illuminate and image a portion of a patient anatomy. A method of using a modular endoscopy system comprises attaching a first modular section of the modular endoscopy system to a second modular section of the modular endoscopy system, positioning at least a portion of the modular endoscopy system within a patient, illuminating and imaging a portion of a patient anatomy via the first modular section, removing the modular endoscopy system from the patient, and detaching the second modular section from the first modular section after removal of the modular endoscopy system from the patient.

A modular endoscopy system comprises a first modular section comprising control and navigation functionality, and a patient-insertable second modular section user-detachably connectable to the first modular section via an attachment mechanism, wherein the first modular section is positionable at a proximal end section of the second modular section and is configured to steer and bend a portion of the second modular section. A method of using a modular endoscopy system comprises attaching a first modular section of to a second modular section of the modular endoscopy system, positioning a portion of the modular endoscopy system within a patient, steering a portion of the second modular section to an anatomy location of the patient via the first modular section, removing the modular endoscopy system from the patient, and detaching the second modular section from the first modular section after removal of the modular endoscopy system from the patient.

An air-water valve assembly is provided for regulating the flow of both water and air through an endoscope. The valve assembly includes a tripartite stem having a plurality of seals disposed thereon and a hub configured to releasably couple the valve assembly to an endoscope for an endoscopic procedure. The stem includes a lower stem member, an upper stem member, and a cap that may be coupled together in a variety of configurations. Each of the lower stem member, upper stem member, and the cap may include a channel or bore extending therethrough to permit fluid communication between a distal opening of the lower member and an aperture of the cap once the stem is assembled.

Medical systems are disclosed and may include an elongate member having a proximal end, a distal end, one or more channels extending between the proximal end and the distal end, and a handle operably coupled to the proximal end. The handle may include one or more ports in communication with the one or more channels. The medical systems may further include a docking station supporting the proximal end of the elongate member. The docking station may include a receiver adapted to receive and secure the handle and an adaptor guide unit having a distal end, a proximal end, and one or more passages formed therethrough, the one or more passages communicating with the one or more channels.

The present invention provides a medical device including: an insertion part having a longitudinal axis; a first balloon and a second balloon attached to the insertion part; and a fluid supply path through which a fluid is supplied to the first balloon and the second balloon. The first balloon can be expanded and contracted and is movable in the longitudinal-axis direction. The second balloon can be expanded and contracted and is disposed closer to a distal end side than the first balloon is. One end of the second balloon is fixed to the distal end of the insertion part, and the other end of the second balloon is fixed to the first balloon. The fluid supply path has a connecting flow path communicating between the first balloon and an inner space of the second balloon. The second balloon is expanded after the first balloon is expanded, by supplying the fluid.

A modular endoscope including a handle and sheath that may be coupled or uncoupled. The tip of the sheath distal from the location where it is coupled to the handle includes an illumination element, an image capture element and a deflection element, allowing the distal tip to be pointed in a selected direction.