An optical unit includes a moving barrel made of a magnetic body and configured to hold an optical element, a fixed barrel made of a nonmagnetic body and configured to accommodate the moving barrel so as to freely move back and forth in a direction along an optical axis, a bias member configured to bias the moving barrel in a first direction along the optical axis of the lens unit, a magnet disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the fixed barrel and configured to attract the moving barrel in a second direction along the optical axis by a magnetic force, and a coil wound around the outer circumferential surface of the fixed barrel and configured to make variable the magnetic force given to the moving barrel.

An imaging probe comprises a camera or endoscope with an external detector array, in which the probe is sized and shaped for surgical placement in an eye to image the eye from an interior of the eye during treatment. The imaging probe and a treatment probe 500 can be coupled together with a fastener or contained within a housing. The imaging probe and the treatment probe 500 can be sized and shaped to enter the eye through an incision in the cornea and image one or more of the ciliary body band or the scleral spur. The treatment probe 500 may comprise a treatment optical fiber or a surgical placement device to deliver an implant. A processor coupled to the detector can be configured with instructions to identify a location of one or more of the ciliary body band, the scleral spur, Schwalbe's line, or Schlemm's canal from the image.

An intraoral scanner comprises an optical element for transmission of optical signals and a primary housing that houses the optical element, the primary housing comprising a head configured for insertion into a patient oral cavity, the head of the primary housing defining an aperture for transmission of the optical signals, wherein the primary housing comprises a longitudinal axis, and wherein a vector normal to a plane defined by the aperture is at a right angle or an acute angle to the longitudinal axis. The intraoral scanner further comprises a defogging element coupled to the primary housing, the defogging element comprising a transparent substrate aligned with the aperture, at least one side of the transparent substrate facing an external environment, and a transparent conductive layer on a surface of the transparent substrate, wherein responsive to application of electrical power to the transparent conductive layer, the transparent conductive layer generates heat.

An endoscope system includes a correction-value calculating unit that calculates a correction value of data to be used for calculation of biological information; an index-value calculating unit that calculates one type of index value or a plurality of types of index values to be used as a determination reference for determining whether the correction value is to be calculated or whether the correction value is to be used; a display unit that displays the one type of index value or the plurality of types of index values; an input unit that inputs an instruction for calculating the correction value or an instruction for executing correction by using the correction value; and a correction unit that, if the correction-value calculating unit calculates the correction value in response to the instruction for calculating the correction value or if the instruction for executing correction is issued, executes correction by using the correction value.

Systems, devices, and methods for providing a surgeon with improved viewing angles during arthroscopic surgical procedures are provided. In some embodiments, a cannula is provided that includes an elongate body that can extend along a longitudinal axis, the body having a proximal end, a distal end, a lumen extending through the body between openings at the proximal and distal ends. The cannula can have a first flange member that can extend at least partially around at least one of the openings, and the first flange member can have a distal-facing surface, where at least a portion of the distal-facing surface can be reflective.

The disclosure provides a method of determining a desired set of parameters for an imaging system to image a sample, comprising: choosing a first set of parameters for the imaging system; simulating light scattering properties of the sample when imaging the sample using the imaging system having the first set of parameters; determining a first SNR when imaging the sample using the imaging system having the first set of parameters; choosing a second set of parameters for the imaging system; simulating light scattering properties of the sample when imaging the sample using the imaging system having the second set of parameters; determining a second SNR when imaging the sample using the imaging system having the second set of parameters; determining a desired SNR, the desired SNR being the greater of the first SNR and second SNR; and selecting a desired set of parameters corresponding to the desired SNR.

Provided are an endoscope image pickup device and an endoscope capable of realizing a firm fixation and a stable connection strength.

There is provided an endoscope image pickup device that acquires an image of an observation target, the endoscope image pickup device including: a lens barrel provided with an internal image pickup lens; an image pickup element that receives light which has passed through the image pickup lens to perform photoelectric conversion; a holder that holds the lens barrel; a signal cable electrically connected to the image pickup element; and a connecting member that connects the holder and the signal cable to each other. The holder and the connecting member are engaged with each other at an engaging portion, and the engaging portion is provided with an adhesive layer containing a filler.

Disclosed herein are configurations for few-mode fiber optical endoscope systems employing distal optics and few-mode, double-clad or other optical fiber wherein the systems directing an optical beam to a sample via the optical fiber; collecting light backscattered from the sample; direct the backscattered light to a detector via the optical fiber; and detect the backscattered light; wherein the directed optical beam is single mode and the collected light is one or more higher order modes.

Provided is a medical observation system including a medical observation device and an image processing device. The medical observation device includes a plurality of imaging elements and a branching optical system configured to split incident light into a plurality of rays of light, and each of the plurality of rays of light split by the branching optical system is guided to at least one of the plurality of imaging elements. Of the plurality of imaging elements, two or more imaging elements each capture images having mutually different brightness, and two or more imaging elements are arranged so as to have mutually different optical distances from the branching optical system. The image processing device generates at least one of a first composite image based on a plurality of images having mutually different brightness, the first composite image having a wider dynamic range than each of the plurality of images, or a second composite image based on a plurality of images captured by each of the two or more imaging elements having different optical distances from the branching optical system, the second composite image having a deeper depth of field than each of the plurality of images.

An imaging probe comprises a camera or endoscope with an external detector array, in which the probe is sized and shaped for surgical placement in an eye to image the eye from an interior of the eye during treatment. The imaging probe and a treatment probe can be coupled together with a fastener or contained within a housing. The imaging probe and the treatment probe can be sized and shaped to enter the eye through an incision in the cornea and image one or more of the ciliary body band or the scleral spur. The treatment probe may comprise a treatment optical fiber or a surgical placement device to deliver an implant. A processor coupled to the detector can be configured with instructions to identify a location of one or more of the ciliary body band, the scleral spur, Schwalbe's line, or Schlemm's canal from the image.